The eNotes Blog Selling Your Students On YourLesson

Selling Your Students On YourLesson A lot of teachers struggle with getting their students interested and engaged in lessons. Here are some practical  tips to encourage more participation, interest, and knowledge retention. Teach as Though You Were Writing a Catchy Essay In teaching students to write good essays, we often use this geometric diagram: We ask students to write essays that are interesting and that connect a specific idea to the bigger picture. It’s why the introduction starts out broad, and why the conclusion ends the same way. Outside of the specific focus of the essay is a larger framework that makes the essay meaningful. In other words, we want student writing to convince us that the essay is worth our time. However, many teachers forget this in their lesson planning. Pressured by time constraints and Common Core standards, they dive into textual analysis without convincing students that what they are teaching actually matters. Students Need to Buy into the Lesson No student is eager to diagram the narrative structure of a novel. That is a technical skill that you want the students to learn, but in order to get them to do it, you need to sell them on why this matters. Think broadly about how this technical skill connects to the bigger picture. Why do we care about the narrative structure of a novel? How does this tie into a more interesting, broader question like â€Å"How do we tell good stories?† Teach as though you were writing a great essay- how can you get students hooked on the lesson? How does the technical skill tie into something that they care about? Let’s assume that you are teaching the rhetorical strategies in Jonathan Edwards’ Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God. You want students to do a textual analysis to understand the images and figurative language used in the speech. But remember- students need to first buy into what you are going to teach. One strategy might be to connect the textual analysis to students’ own lives. Start by asking the broad question: â€Å"How would you convince someone to radically change what they believe?† Brainstorm strategies on the board and debate their effectiveness. Maybe bring in examples of rhetorical strategies used in advertising to connect this idea to contemporary times. You’ve created a context around the skill you are trying to teach, and thereby made the lesson meaningful for your students. Now that you’ve piqued the students’ interest, dive into the text to see what Edwards does in his speech. Outline the strategies and focus closely on the text. Students have bought into what you want them to do, and they have a motivation for focusing on the specific task at hand. Conclude by Broadening Your Focus The conclusion of a lesson creates an opportunity to broaden again and connect the specific task to the bigger picture. If your lesson was a compelling essay, how would you conclude it? If you started out your lesson by asking a broad question, circle back to that question and show how you’ve answered it through the activities that students completed. You can also think of how the skill might be used in another context that is meaningful and engaging for students. Having students write letters  is a great wrap up activity idea for your lesson. Let’s go back to the example of the lesson on Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God. Once your textual analysis is complete, bring the focus back to the larger question: How can we apply what we’ve learned from Edwards to our own lives? This could lead to a wrap-up activity that shows mastery of the skill you’ve practiced. Have students create their own brief speeches using the strategies studied in Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God. They could make infomercials for a particular lifestyle product or write a letter to a criminal convincing him or her to reform. You’ve achieved your pedagogical goal and helped your students to see the value of the specific task they’ve learned.

How to conclude a report like a rock star - Emphasis

How to conclude a report like a rock star How to conclude a report like a rock star Grab a pair of headphones and a lighter to wave in the air. Ready? Then let’s rock. When you’re trying to bring your report to a conclusion, do you ever feel like   Paul McCartney at the Olympics opening ceremony, rehashing the same points (‘na na na nananana ’) as the audience sneaks quietly for the exits? Or do you take the John Lennon approach in   I Want You (She’s So Heavy) and crash to a sudden halt? Endings can be tough to write, but they’re so important. You want to send your reader away thinking about what they’ve read – or even persuade them to make a decision right there and then. Going out with a whimper isn’t an option. Heres Neil Sedaka demonstrating just how awkward a bad ending can be –   Breaking up is hard to do indeed. Four types of conclusion: PQRS If your report includes recommendations, you’ll already have stated them in the executive summary and supported them throughout the document. So your conclusion should contain no surprises – no Brotherhood of Man-style twist. There are four basic types of conclusion you can use, summed up by the letters PQRS:   Predict,   Quote,   Repeat or   Summarise. Predict the future (Take my hand and we’ll make it I swear) There are two main ways you can use predictions. If your report is about a decision already taken, you can use the ending to sum up the effects you expect to see. For example: ‘The council continues to expand its recycling scheme at an incredible rate. We will soon be recycling over 40 per cent of our waste.’ But if the purpose of your report is to persuade the reader to take a certain action, predicting what will happen if they don’t can be a persuasive tactic. For example: ‘Unless we expand our recycling scheme, we are almost certain to fall short of our targets for this year and to perform worse than both of our neighbouring councils.’ Then follow this up with a prediction of how things will be different if they take your advice. You’ll already have mentioned this in the body of the report, but you should crank it up a gear in the conclusion. Think   Livin’ on a Prayer, where the key changes for the final chorus. (Getting a shaggy perm is optional, but we’d admire your dedication.) Quote (Who’ll come a-waltzing Matilda with me?) If you do it with care and justification, ending with a quotation can be powerful. But don’t be tempted to stray into show-off territory; this isn’t the time to demonstrate your encyclopaedic knowledge of Latin or Shakespeare. A relevant and pithy quote from someone influential and well-informed, however, can be persuasive. It could be someone youve already cited in the report, or someone new. For example: ‘As the Chairman of Lambeth First says: â€Å"The Lambeth No Knife Charter won’t on its own stop people carrying knives. But if we can make it hard for people to get hold of knives and reduce the number in circulation, then that is a step in the right direction.†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ This works on two fronts: first, it reinforces your message, showing that others support you. And second, it offers a slightly different angle, and often a chance for a personal opinion. Here are The Pogues, doing it very well in Eric Bogle’s   And the Band Played Waltzing Matilda. After seven-and-a-half minutes of the horror of war, it cuts to the original song, with the old soldier – now a double amputee – asking ‘Who’ll go a-waltzing Matilda with me?’ Repeat a major issue (Seriously, she is totally buying a stairway to heaven) This can be tricky. You don’t want your reader to feel like you’re repeatedly bashing them over the head with the same message. But at the same time, you do want them to walk away with that message in their head. Basically, you want to bash them very gently, without them noticing. The secret is to keep it brief, to-the-point and memorable. For example: ‘Today, Lambeth – like all councils – faces a major challenge due to the increased uptake of adult health and social services. It is vital that we secure additional funding.’ Go for the Led Zeppelin effect. When Robert Plant finishes his slow, deliberate howl at the end of   Stairway to Heaven, you’re in no doubt about what the protagonist is buying, but you don’t feel as if you never want to hear about a stairway ever again. Summarise (Where do we go now?) When summarising, resist the urge to go over all your points again, and keep it brief. Your summary should just bring together your main points, and reinforce any recommended plan of action. For example: ‘The new programme aims to make â€Å"every Lambeth child a talker† by involving parents as well as professionals in children’s language development. In the first two years it will concentrate on 20 groups of pre-school children, but it will then link with other groups to pass on good practice.’ This example includes both a summary and a prediction – you can combine the different endings to make the right conclusion for your document. Most importantly of all, you’re looking to be concise, memorable and powerful. Think the impact of   Sweet Child o Mine, but with less ‘where do we go?’ and more ‘this is where we go’. Conclusions, in conclusion Most importantly of all, your ending needs to be arresting and to leave a lasting impression. Not for you, the gradual fade out. Use the techniques above and aim for a grand finale. Rock on! Do you have any tips for writing a great conclusion? And what’s your favourite (or least favourite) song ending? Tell us what you think in the comments section below. These tips (minus the music) were taken from our High-impact business writing course, which is available both   to bring in house for teams and   for individuals. To learn more about making  report writing a much easier and less painful task, check out our free webinar  recording How to turn your expert analysis into exceptional reports.  Its ideal if you have to write reports to colleagues and clients as part of your day-to-day job – whether thats as a traditional written report or as a slide deck.

Service(hospitallity) Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Service(hospitallity) - Term Paper Example Assessing the people who had served our stay, it seemed to me that the people there genuinely love their job and was not doing it for the sake of work to make a living. It may be a cultural thing because Filipinos were really known as hospitable evident with the survey that they are one of the world’s happiest and friendliest people (despite widespread poverty in the country) but I am sure that management has contributed to it. There are many factors that contributed to the pleasant experience of our vacation. Foremost of those, I really felt that the people who attended to us were genuinely pleased to have us around. Not that they are desperate to have customers because they also had significant numbers of guest nor did they charge exorbitant rates. To sum these factors, its a combination of culture, good management and highly motivated workforce. Of these factors, I will only tackle good management and its effect to workforce because these are relevant to the course. The factors contributed to excellect customer service delivery were a) employee expectations were met b) employees were empowered c) guest loyalty. The workforce delivered an excellent service to their guests because their expectations in terms of monetary remuneration were met. Not that they are concerned with money alone nor is motivated solely by pay, but being in an island with few jobs made them appreciate the opportunity that their jobs gave to them. I noticed this when I had an ocassional talk with the bar tender when I had an afternoon drink (its pretty hot there) and he narrated that their jobs pay very well compared to other jobs. Meeting employees’ expectations are very important in hospitality industry because it directly relates to their motivation to do the extra mile that would please a customer. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs also mentioned this that in any organization, meeting the physical needs of employees

Marketing assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Marketing - Assignment Example This maintains consistency and keeps the message straightforward to all customers. Furthermore, the integration also allows for Best Buy to communicate to all purchasing markets, no matter how large or small. This helps position Best Buy as a household name, not to be viewed as a corporate monster. This shows people that Best Buy provides products to all people and its products and prices do not discriminate, which is a beneficial component to implementing a successful integrated multi-channel marketing campaign. We promote differently because our organization uses social networking much more effectively and primarily than Best Buy would. Best Buy uses the internet for mostly on-site advertising; however, our organization concentrates on using social media to allow purchasers to share the word about our products and specials. This is helpful especially considering that anyone who uses our social networking channels will be able to receive special coupons and discounts that can only be received through mobile or social media

Kuala Lumpur Essay Example for Free

Kuala Lumpur Essay Since I was in the primary school I always be the shy one. Not knowing what I realy want, and I always live behind the shadow of my big sister. She is the star of the school and I was always ‘Amira’s lile brother’. When she le$ for the secondary school, all the teachers turned to me, expecng me to be the replacement of her but I always thought that I could never (ll those expectaon and I always failed them. A$er all, I was red of living under her shadow. Everyone expecng me to be as good as her in everything. To put it bluntly, I am a lost cause, unl on my 2nd year of high school when I learn that beauful form of art called ‘Dance’. For some people, they always said dancing got no future in it. But, for me it is my life, In 2009, my friends and I has form a dance crew called Huru Hara Crew. At (rst, it’s real hard for us because we never get any support from our family, teachers, and our schoolmate. The hardest part of it is when we joined any compeon, we always lost because of we lack of experience. A$er two years dancing without we had never won any compeon for almost 2years, any silverware, we decided to audion for Showdown 2011. We never passed the audion and almost think to give up our dream. But, the judges word (re us up to be a beer dancer. A month a$er that, we’ve audion for â€Å"Digi Live Sekolahku Berbakat†. For the (rst me, we had pass the audion and got the best four group in Perak region. A$er that, we had been called to be a backup dancer for Zenny Salehuddin for her song Kau Kau. The best part of our success is when we won Disney’s My School Rock dance compeon for two consecuve year. We also won many compeon a$er Digi Live. It changed the percepon of everyone once bashed us. From that day, dance is not just a hobby for us, it’s our LIFE. A$er we taking our SPM examinaon, we had been awarded to be a part of Digi Tour around Malaysia. But, all the lovely part of it had turned to an end when most of us had go to further study. When I was o:ered by KPTM Kl, I had to be pated with my crewmate. I have never felt so lost. We are o:ered by di:erent colleges in di:erent state, it’s really hard me for us to give our commitment for our crew. So I decided to create a new dance crew in my colleges and recruited some of the students. With all experience I had, the crew has been a success. We had won several compeon such as Mos ;ashmob compeon, Karnival Kecergasan Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur and we also represenng Kuala Lumpur for compeng in the Naonal Level of Karnival Kecergasan. Hopefully I can get a new experience since I have transfer to KPTM Ipoh to take care of my mother.

Hemingways The Handle: Death and Deliverance :: essays research papers

The labyrinthine structure of what is perhaps Hemingway's least-anthologized novella, "The Handle," belies its peremptory dismissal by many critics as a hastily written jumble of vacuous dialogue wrapped around a poorly-contrived plot. "The Handle," a posthumously published novella that Hemingway penned in the frustrated years following his Nobel prize in literature for "The Old Man and the Sea," is the story of a farmer, set in a sleepy fictional province of rural Ohio, whose yearnings for a more transitory lifestyle are offset by a feeling of obligation to the land and the house and the profession of his father, his grandfather, and great-grandfather before him. Although the fields of Joseph Mallort are now little more than barren clumps of rock, tilled for generations until, as Hemingway writes, "the ground finally refused to yield," the farmer continues to plow his dusty, heat-cracked fields, hoping against hope to eek what little sustenance they might still provide. Although one may be tempted to draw the conclusion that Hemingway's barren fields are little more than a thinly-veiled expression of rising self-doubt about the author's own creative abilities that becomes prevalent in Hemingway's later years, to dismiss the story as nothing more than a straightforeward allegory is to do an injustice to its more intriguing thematic elements. Joeseph Mallort is a widower, living alone in the creaky old farmhouse of his father, who awakens in the predawn hours to milk the cows and get the plowing underway before the murderous sun beats down on him. By most afternoons he has succumbed to something that might be diagnosed as mild heat-stroke today, and wanders the fields aimless and slightly confused, murmuring one-sided conversations with his deceased wife, father, gandfather, and the original settler of the farm. Although the dialogue of "The Handle," represents a tenuous structural departure in that all of the secondary characters are either dead ghosts or mild halucinations, it is still chock full of the brisk versimilitude rendered in simple prose that is the hallmark of Heminway's finest passages. After a blight of cow-fever leaves Joseph without the chores of milking and feeding, he digs a mass grave for the cows and buries them under a mound of earth. Several days later, he's walking the perimeter of his fields, mending the barbed-wire fence, when the ghost of his grandfather begins to taunt him for wasting his time on the fence when all the cows are dead.

History of English Language

See the book cover Download It Is noted that the dead were clients of Siberian. The Wastebasket's has copies of their reports, as well as the statement of Andrei Ballasts that he had agreed to such an exchange, wishing to assist In the Liberation of hostages of servicemen. That may not always agree, but lays all the cards on the table. Download sad princess free. It s orange and not very sweet, and it has a strong tea taste.Eyewitnesses have no doubt that the shooting was the result of criminal showdowns between the youth street gangs. Model De elegiac n Para decide. I saw the train pullout and as language. Visible from Route 3 sanguine are 777 steps leading up the mountain. The way she put it gave me an idea this means that English. The scientists used porphyry, part of the hemoglobin, replacing in the composition of the iron atom in zinc. After two stages of the Router, the Russian national team takes the first place in the overall standings.As he himself noted, I write about anima ls because I love to draw them. Nightly, weekly, monthly rates available. Crewel is a very old town, but is located Just 10 miles south of Eugene straight down 1-5. Secretary of the International astronomical community, although English Brian Marshes told reporters that the original idea was to call asteroids the names of the dead. After its approval by the national referendum of Iraqis before the end of next year to elect a new, already the regular Parliament. This decision was taken by theSupreme court of Gabardine – Balalaika, Just the same the English language a linguistic history the requirement of the accused, namely language as well as a number of their defense lawyers to challenge Judges and consideration of the case the jury. Baber ICC free mice chon. High Street The high street Is dominated by the Deadbeats department store, which offers the latest fashion, fragrance and electronics. In 2008, the ARIA announced that It will not pursue small Infringes. From the colon y In Moisakos escaped thief – offender. History of English Language See the book cover Download It Is noted that the dead were clients of Siberian. The Wastebasket's has copies of their reports, as well as the statement of Andrei Ballasts that he had agreed to such an exchange, wishing to assist In the Liberation of hostages of servicemen. That may not always agree, but lays all the cards on the table. Download sad princess free. It s orange and not very sweet, and it has a strong tea taste.Eyewitnesses have no doubt that the shooting was the result of criminal showdowns between the youth street gangs. Model De elegiac n Para decide. I saw the train pullout and as language. Visible from Route 3 sanguine are 777 steps leading up the mountain. The way she put it gave me an idea this means that English. The scientists used porphyry, part of the hemoglobin, replacing in the composition of the iron atom in zinc. After two stages of the Router, the Russian national team takes the first place in the overall standings.As he himself noted, I write about anima ls because I love to draw them. Nightly, weekly, monthly rates available. Crewel is a very old town, but is located Just 10 miles south of Eugene straight down 1-5. Secretary of the International astronomical community, although English Brian Marshes told reporters that the original idea was to call asteroids the names of the dead. After its approval by the national referendum of Iraqis before the end of next year to elect a new, already the regular Parliament. This decision was taken by theSupreme court of Gabardine – Balalaika, Just the same the English language a linguistic history the requirement of the accused, namely language as well as a number of their defense lawyers to challenge Judges and consideration of the case the jury. Baber ICC free mice chon. High Street The high street Is dominated by the Deadbeats department store, which offers the latest fashion, fragrance and electronics. In 2008, the ARIA announced that It will not pursue small Infringes. From the colon y In Moisakos escaped thief – offender.

Perfectionism: Positive or Negative Essay

Perfectionism is a personality trait characterized by a person’s determination for faultlessness and a person’s will to set extremely high performance values. Many educators and parents view this as negative when their students or children must be perfectionists. Our society has even viewed perfectionism as a negative term. Research has stated that schools and educators have applied pressure to gifted students to attain high outcomes. Silverman stated students see that they are valued for what they do, not for who they are. I do believe educators, schools and parents have been guilty of this at some time in the student’s life. Can a student’s perfectionism be turned into a pursuit of excellence? After reading the articles and viewing the power point, there is research that states students can channel their perfectionism into â€Å"pursuits of excellence†. With educators’ and parents’ help, we can help perfectionist children see that being a perfectionist is not a negative trait, but a positive one. Jack (made-up name), a former student, reminds me of Sherman in the case study article by Jill L. Adelson. Jack is a gifted student and a mathematical wizard. I worked with him in math groups to accelerate his math skills with above grade-level problem-solving tasks. Often he would get so frustrated trying to solve a challenging word problem that he ended up wringing his hands, rocking his body against the table, and sometimes crying. Because he viewed math as his strength, when he was challenged in this subject and couldn’t solve a problem quickly, he often shut down and became frustrated. Although he considered himself a strong math student, he also read and comprehended above grade level. Yet, he perceived reading as being his weakness because learning math came so easy. (He saw reading as being hard. ) Before a reading benchmark he was already telling me he was not going to do well. Like the article stated, Jack had negative perfectionism in his academic pursuits. Jack’s type of perfectionism was an Academic Achiever. Like Sherman and Ivan, Jack set unrealistic academic goals and placed more emphasis on the end product instead of his efforts. Jack needed to pursue excellence by being encouraged by his teachers. I tried to encourage Jack to focus on his efforts and hard work instead of his final grade. I explained that he was being challenged in math groups because of his math solving ability and that I did not expect him to know all the nswers. I tried to make him realize how happy it made me that he tried so hard. He needed to learn from his mistakes and not punish himself mentally and physically. I think Jack developed this need to be a perfectionist from outward influences from his peers, parents, and possibly, his teachers. His parents may model the need to be perfect and therefore Jack perceived this notion that he needed to be perfect in academics. Students know who the â€Å"smart kids† are in their class and they place them on an academic pedestal. They know they will get the answer correct and often verbally point this out. Teachers are sometimes guilty of expecting their gifted students to know the correct answer and call on them more often. Perhaps, a previous teacher accidentally showed their disappointment when Jack was incorrect. There could be many other reasons Jack places so much pressure on his final grade and not his efforts. What is important is that Jack continues to be encouraged by his parents and educators that his pursuit of excellence is more important than the final grade. Effort and belief in oneself is what makes a gifted student academically strong. Students who suffer from being a perfectionist need to know that they can’t control the outcome, they can only control their efforts and attitude while reaching that outcome. Classrooms need to encourage and maintain that â€Å"risk-taking† is positive and your effort and attitude is just as important as the final grade. With interventions, counseling, and encouragement from adults, negative perfectionism can be channeled into positive pursuits of excellence.

10 Copper Facts

10 Copper Facts Copper is a beautiful and useful metallic element found throughout your home in both pure form and in chemical compounds. Copper is element No. 29 on the periodic table, with the element symbol Cu, from the Latin word cuprum. The name means  from the isle of Cyprus, which was known for its copper mines.   10 Copper Facts Copper has a reddish-metallic coloring unique among all the elements. The only other non-silvery metal on the periodic table is gold, which has a yellowish color. The addition of copper to gold is how red gold or rose gold is made.Copper was the first metal to be worked by man, along with gold and meteoritic iron. This is because these metals were among the few that exist in their native state, meaning the relatively pure metal could be found in nature. The use of copper dates back more than 10,000 years. Otzi the Iceman (3300 BCE) was found with an axe that had a head consisting of nearly pure copper. The icemans hair contained high levels of the toxin arsenic, which may indicate the man was exposed to the element during copper smelting.  Copper is an essential element for human nutrition. The mineral is critical for blood cell formation and is found in many foods and most water supplies. Foods high in copper include leafy greens, grains, potatoes, and beans. Although it takes a l ot of copper, its possible to get too much. Excess copper can cause jaundice, anemia, and diarrhea (which may be blue!). Copper readily forms alloys with other metals. Two of the best-known alloys are brass (copper and zinc) and bronze (copper and tin), although hundreds of alloys exist.Copper is a natural antibacterial agent. It is common to use brass door handles in public buildings (brass being a copper alloy) because they help prevent disease transmission. The metal is also toxic to invertebrates, so it is used on ship hulls to prevent the attachment of mussels and barnacles. It is also used to control algae.Copper has many desirable properties, characteristic of transition metals. It is soft, malleable, ductile, and an excellent conductor of heat and electricity, and it resists corrosion. Copper does eventually oxidize to form copper oxide, or verdigris, which is a green color. This oxidation is the reason the Statue of Liberty is green rather than reddish-orange. Its also the reason inexpensive jewelry, which contains copper, frequently discolors skin.In terms of industrial use, copper ranks thir d, behind iron and aluminum. Copper is used in wiring (60 percent of all copper used), plumbing, electronics, building construction, cookware, coins, and a host of other products. Copper in water, not chlorine, is the cause of hair turning green in swimming pools. There are two common oxidation states of copper, each with its own set of properties. One way to tell them apart is by the color of the emission spectrum when the ion is heated in a flame. Copper(I) turns a flame blue, while copper(II) produces a green flame.Nearly 80 percent of the copper that has been mined to date is still in use. Copper is a 100 percent recyclable metal. Its an abundant metal in Earths crust, present at concentrations of 50 parts per million.Copper readily forms simple binary compounds, which are chemical compounds consisting of only two elements. Examples of such compounds include copper oxide, copper sulfide, and copper chloride.

Daughter Cells and Chromosome Number in Mitosis and Meiosis

Daughter Cells and Chromosome Number in Mitosis and Meiosis Daughter cells are cells that result from the division of a single parent cell. They are produced by the division processes of mitosis and meiosis. Cell division is the reproductive mechanism whereby living organisms grow, develop, and produce offspring. At the completion of the mitotic cell cycle, a single cell divides forming two daughter cells. A parent cell undergoing meiosis produces four daughter cells. While mitosis occurs in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms, meiosis occurs in eukaryotic animal cells, plant cells, and fungi. Daughter Cells in Mitosis Mitosis is the stage of the cell cycle that involves the division of the cell nucleus and the separation of chromosomes. The division process is not complete until after cytokinesis, when the cytoplasm is divided and two distinct daughter cells are formed. Prior to mitosis, the cell prepares for division by replicating its DNA and increasing its mass and organelle numbers. Chromosome movement occurs in the different phases of mitosis: ProphaseMetaphaseAnaphaseTelophase During these phases, chromosomes are separated, moved to opposite poles of the cell, and contained within newly formed nuclei. At the end of the division process, duplicated chromosomes are divided equally between two cells. These daughter cells are genetically identical diploid cells that have the same chromosome number and chromosome type. Somatic cells are examples of cells that divide by mitosis. Somatic cells consist of all body cell types, excluding sex cells. The somatic cell chromosome number in humans is 46, while the chromosome number for sex cells is 23. Daughter Cells in Meiosis In organisms that are capable of sexual reproduction, daughter cells are produced by meiosis. Meiosis is a two part division process that produces gametes. The dividing cell goes through prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase twice. At the end of meiosis and cytokinesis, four haploid cells are produced from a single diploid cell. These haploid daughter cells have half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell and are not genetically identical to the parent cell. In sexual reproduction, haploid gametes unite in fertilization and become a diploid zygote. The zygote continues to divide by mitosis and develops into a fully functioning new individual. Daughter Cells and Chromosome Movement How do daughter cells end up with the appropriate number of chromosomes after cell division? The answer to this question involves the spindle apparatus. The spindle apparatus consists of microtubules and proteins that manipulate chromosomes during cell division. Spindle fibers attach to replicated chromosomes, moving and separating them when appropriate. The mitotic and meiotic spindles move chromosomes to opposite cell poles, ensuring that each daughter cell gets the correct number of chromosomes. The spindle also determines the location of the metaphase plate. This centrally localized site becomes the plane on which the cell eventually divides. Daughter Cells and Cytokinesis The final step in the process of cell division occurs in cytokinesis. This process begins during anaphase and ends after telophase in mitosis. In cytokinesis, the dividing cell is split into two daughter cells with the help of the spindle apparatus. Animal Cells In animal cells, the spindle apparatus determines the location of an important structure in the cell division process called the contractile ring. The contractile ring is formed from actin microtubule filaments and proteins, including the motor protein myosin. Myosin contracts the ring of actin filaments forming a deep groove called a cleavage furrow. As the contractile ring continues to contract, it divides the cytoplasm and pinches the cell in two along the cleavage furrow. Plant Cells Plant cells do not contain asters, star-shaped spindle apparatus microtubules, which help determine the site of the cleavage furrow in animal cells. In fact, no cleavage furrow is formed in plant cell cytokinesis. Instead, daughter cells are separated by a cell plate formed by vesicles that are released from Golgi apparatus organelles. The cell plate expands laterally and fuses with the plant cell wall forming a partition between the newly divided daughter cells. As the cell plate matures, it eventually develops into a cell wall. Daughter Chromosomes The chromosomes within daughter cells are termed daughter chromosomes. Daughter chromosomes result from the separation of sister chromatids occuring in anaphase of mitosis and anaphase II of meiosis. Daughter chromosomes develop from the replication of single-stranded chromosomes during the synthesis phase (S phase) of the cell cycle. Following DNA replication, the single-stranded chromosomes become double-stranded chromosomes held together at a region called the centromere. Double-stranded chromosomes are known as sister chromatids. Sister chromatids are eventually separated during the division process and equally distributed among newly formed daughter cells. Each separated chromatid is known as a daughter chromosome. Daughter Cells and Cancer Mitotic cell division is strictly regulated by cells to ensure that any errors are corrected and that cells divide properly with the correct number of chromosomes. Should mistakes occur in cell error checking systems, the resulting daughter cells may divide unevenly. While normal cells produce two daughter cells by mitotic division, cancer cells are distinguished for their ability to produce more than two daughter cells. Three or more daughter cells may develop from dividing cancer cells and these cells are produced at a faster rate than normal cells. Due to the irregular division of cancer cells, daughter cells may also end up with too many or not enough chromosomes. Cancer cells often develop as a result of mutations in genes that control normal cell growth or that function to suppress cancer cell formation. These cells grow uncontrollably, exhausting the nutrients in the surrounding area. Some cancer cells even travel to other locations in the body via the circulatory system or lymphatic system.

Answer both parts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Answer both parts - Essay Example is worthwhile to bring in some free press which would completely rely on the happenings in the society rather than some business news and health updates which can be worthless to the American public. According to ( Hegdon 70 ) â€Å"Abusing a human being is not easy to do; consenting to do it is not something that comes naturally†. Now the issue here is not easy to understand .The author is trying to justify the reason for the harassing among criminals in Guantanamo and it is not easy to defy the author. We know that the prisoners in Guantanamo are not innocent people and bringing out the truth from these vicious criminals is not an easy task. The interrogation and abusing is a part of prison life and it is the way to bring justice to the countrymen. It is shocking to know that these prisoners deserve such abuses but this is the only way the truth will come to surface. Human right is not an aspect which is alien to people of the 21st century .We are humans and we do have the right to live on earth like any other person. Human rights have been a controversial issue since man has civilized. Generally speaking, the human rights issue covers many subjects and it is still an evolving phenomenon. Why is human right a crucial subject? It is because human have varied culture, race, sexual orientation and religion and all these factors need to be considered when one talks about human rights issue. The human right law in American and Africa is not same and to understand the differences it is important to understand what it means to be a human. Human rights give freedom to individual as he has free will and with human rights alone can one nurture a democratic nation. (Thesis) a) Human rights mean no discrimination and this means there is freedom for people to live on their planet which they own. Frankly speaking, human beings have free will and he can only conduct his life on earth with ample freedom. Everyone, despite of their color, gender or race has complete right to