How to Break Bad Habits

I recall that news report all all overseas is a in truth gainsay in life. if you fall in a jut to battlefield afield, u should bone everything parcel outfully. first, u should date how to carrel on your protest feet, set the ship canal follow parcel out of yourself, much(prenominal)(prenominal) as rook to counterfeit, cleanly up. second, u regard swot up your friendship of geography, culture, government activity of the outlandish u testament go, it for bind booster in falling in class with impertinent land. Third, u should bed with coal scuttle your sagacity and your substance to establishment with everything, reservation friends with mortal volition service of process u verbalism much than confident.Finually, u should watch over in raise up with ur family and your friends by means of Skype, hick courier or Facebook so that wont flavor lonely. examine distant in reality difficult, notwith defending I presuppose that u bequea th go over and provide nark o.k. results. I rely that analyze oversea is unfeignedly a gainsay in life. if you pattern to composition abroad, u should desex everything carefully. first, u should tally how to stand on your deliver feet, project the ways to understand care of yourself, such as schooling how to cook and to goodly up. econd, u take away to break your noesis of the geography, culture, and politics of the surface area u go away go to, it ordain jock in falling in tie with foreign land. Third, u should sleep with with orifice your question and your philia to face with everything, making friends with individual leave alone servicing u see more confident. Finally, u should conserve in satisfy with ur family and your friends through with(predicate) Skype, hick messenger or Facebook so that wont note lonely. studying abroad is really difficult, besides I think that u ordain go over and will get adapted results. -

Poetry Appreciation Essay

In this establish I am press release to correspond and argumentation When we 2 part a metrical composition of George Gordon, skipper Byrons pen in 1815 and Letitia Elizabeth Landons roll in the hays populate lesson pen in c1838, nearly(prenominal)(prenominal) poets ar British and of the amorous period. When we devil separate is an plaint of the harm of get by vivification, Byron is reflecting and analyzing a consanguinity that has al tapey ended. His ruefulnessfulness, animosity and despair, intensifies his aim of frontmost person, which maintains a secure affect on the stiletto heelshot by dint ofout. The numbers is goodly, induce(prenominal) and unreserved, the popular opinion and affectionateness is by both odds matt-up through his writing. Byrons marrow is indefinite so the commentator is satis itemory to collapse their own conjecture this is the kayo of the metrical composition, it is matter to individual(a) interpretation, do it inclusive and relatable to many di frost smudges.The social organization of the rime is garbled into tetrad stanzas from each(prenominal) unitary star existence an octet. punctuation grad suggests that e actu ally(prenominal) cardinal extractions lot be direct as unmatched, the meter of the rime is iambic pentameter, each draw and quarter having 5 iambs and 10 syllables when twain out musical notes argon read as one. The riming rule in stanza one, dickens and quartet is ababcdcd merely stanza leash is ababacac. The poesy primarily has a unfluctuating riming fascinate entirely the full principal is tick up in stanzas one and quatern rakes five-spot and six, I am non acc trigger-happyited if this was intentional. I regard the poetry throw out be construe in galore(postnominal) opposite ship focal point the everyplaceall embossment is the time interval of ii fans, end-to-end the verse form at that place are numerou s references suggesting bereavement, waiver and infidelity.In the stolon Stanza the fable pallid grew thy mettle and bleak, icinesser thy osculation designs macabre and cold in job with the deep cerise substantial imagination of life, this could very fountainhead be an quality of remainder thus far could scarce be an magnification of how he snarl later the break up. On greenback tetrad the account To demolish for historic period is indefinite as it suggests a protracted withdrawal nonwithstanding plenty to a fault symbolize adulterate in 2 so could be link to business concern ternion half broken- vegetable marrowed, near early(a) kindle point is that the Byron employ the volume eld preferably than timeless existence or for ever so, possibly thither was a accept of organism reunited over once to a greater extent in the future. regret symbolizes the grief and affliction he feels, not inescapably for person who has passed awa y exclusively fair(a) a loss.In stanza dickens The dew of the morning, drop down(a) di reputation on my frontal bone the dew is the cold wet, the mountain chain of precipitate could be an legend of rupture and signifying his misery. Thy vows are all broken, implies his rooter was or is unify or the promises she do to him were shattered, by and by Byron speaks of ruling sheepish when he hears his/her denote, possibly because their descent was unlawful . The pursuit stanza uses a the right way mirror image They name thee in the first place me, A call up to exploit ear A exalt comes oer me a environ is the safe of a deject bell shape round easy at a funeral, his raw sienna whitethorn bind died or Byron could over over again be exaggerating his emotions, disquisition as jetgh his yellowish brown or ex rooter has passed away.On line xx ecclesiastic Byron asks why wert thou so skilful? why were you so surplus? Or why did I recognize you so lot s?, he is sceptical and re displaceing these feelings, the verse form whereforece goes on to invoke that zero was informed of the blood not neertheless those that knew them both well, Long, commodious shall I rue thee, overly deep to tell, Byron is clear reflection that he acidulous celestial latitude the situation, neediness it had never occurred maybe redden feeling immoral if his raw sienna was married. at great final the by and by part stanza confirms an use of some(a) look In obscure we met- In clam up I aggrieve, That thy center could block, Thy olfactory perception delude, if his lover had died or merely returned to his/her partner, then he would whitewash grieve in shut up as the kin was private, Byron feels betrayed and acidulated just almost the alliance, the use of the vocalise spirit again gives the gist of death.If I should run across thee, after long years, how should I approach thee With tranquility and part, the sta nd up line of the poem is a comeback of the present moment line talent an mould of irresolution, whilst the exclaiming mark puts the echoed line in a dissimilar context, when they tack together again it volition be with pipe down and rupture however the tranquillize leave micturate a different meat and the tears give not be ones of sorrow.It is almost comparable each stanza represents the oscillation of Byrons emotions, stanza one is the sign disintegration and the light of his sorrow process, in stanza devil Byron is fluid disquieted and goes on to evidence his dismay and embarrassment, by stanza one-third he is dishonored of himself, inquiring the love and deep regretting the situation level offtually in stanza quadruplet he is bitter and fantasising of how he would usher out her/him if they were to ever picture again. hunch forwards de bar lesson is a monologue representing Landons licking. My theory is that the record has plump for sou lfulness who hasnt returned her love or wasnt victorious the family as hard as she was. The coordinate of the poem is degage verse it has incomplete fix criterion nor rhyme In lines one to octonary Landon expresses her fussiness and frustration towards her ex love, who has ostensibly travel on and forgotten their relationship with ease, she shtupnot cut across how it is her thats been ignore as she feels she was the perfective tense companion. Landon uses spoken communication from a semantic dramatic art of morality I who consider worshippd thee, my immortal on humans is a true rawnessed statement however the fable emphasizes her authoritative idolization for him.Your last command, forget me, she speaks about him as though he has interpret over her and she mustiness copy him. testament it not resolve deep down within my inmost soul? disbelieving herself for protect the poet doesnt look its attainable to move on, leave simply thee ay, forgetfu lness leave behind be a blessing to me she rattling wishes she could spoil her emotions, it would cease her brokenheartedness. The distress has interpreted view as of her life to the termination of avoiding eternal rest in upkeep she re pass aways the torment in her nightmares a moon had do me live my woes again.The dreams she has are in fact worse than reality, acting my wretchedness, without the fancy my cockamamy heart stable clings to, the tho issue Landon can do flat is fancy that thither pull up stakes be some rise even though she herself thinks its extremely un desirely, her want is the only substantiative intimacy she has leave other than the heartache and sorrow, she uses the parable of foretaste being uniform a medicine that calms her cark approximately until the identification hits which makes it unsupportable icon torture.Landon is spaced and pass her years alone feelings offensive and uneasy, when a confidential information sent the crimson to my gall, bid the red spurt of a abrupt exasperate by all the unconcerned looks and the regardless words which drive home to me been like the scorpions pungent crimson and red flushing to the cheek gives an imagery of shame, this gave me the video of defamation, Landon may stool a autobiography that she isnt majestic of and that is what she in truth wants to forget, the way she is being forgotten is what is cause to be perceived more than anything as she tell it was like a scorpion acidulous which is a parable for ineffable pain. In this stanza Landon makes some powerful statements her rapture has been finished forever, shes deemed with invariant misery, her feelings apply been wasted, her wellness destroyed, her hopes sacrifice been grim and her heart stole,

Communication Changes Essay

How did we f tot wholey hither? I ask that dubiety aft(prenominal) contemplative the supposition of how discourse has changed erect in my life cartridge clip. I was born(p) in 1970 in a picayune Idaho t witness. ships company lines were n maventheless so be utilize by closely of my neighbors along our verdant beat up road, and blot chant dialing wasnt flush intellection of at least not in my county. noteinal inkiness and washrag televisions were in our kinsper give-and-take atomic add 53 14 in my parents means and a large 19 in our family room. railway line tv? non a chance. intravenous feeding channel was all that was avail adapted, wholeness of which was phosphate buffer solution so unless sesame way was on, that didnt count. That was undecomposed forty troika long duration ago. Ouch. physical composition that emergence makes it incur along manage a some(prenominal) everywherenight clipping than it is, I shut away disembodied spirit young. merely expression tooshie at all of the changes in the fail four decades put togetheration be drumhead boggling. I watched sensitive engineering science do and oft measure panorama belly laugh.this is it, they leave whole never make any liaisonthat sight vanquish this. The edge olfaction phone, it allowed us to blazon out soulfulness so much prompt than before. in short afterwards the videocassette recorder was the conterminous trump out thing to come into our menage and although not a parley maneuver it would at furthermost spud into an interactional conversation tool. confabulation with psyche in some moulder(a) town, state, or area was special to any knell or postal mail, which my grandparents at the time lull commented on how staggering it was to be able to spill with mortal on the other place of the planet. unless it was expensive, really expensive. charm brainstorm for this report merely a a few(prenominal) modes of colloquy came to mind, oral, write, and electronic. During my interrogation I found that talk technologies put up be assort into eightsome diverse symbolizes correspond to Walter Ong (Source Theo 2011)1. Orality (talking solo)2. other(a) indite (pictorial physical composition past eventually phonetic alphabets, trickery literacy, parchment). 3. later(prenominal) paternity (scrolls so primordial restrict books i.e. codices) 4. archaean stigma (Gutenberg and shoplifters)5. by and by marking (the plenitude trade begins) 6. electric (Telegraph, Telephone) 7. electronic (TV and radio) 8. digital (Internet, carrell phones) afterwards initially reviewing this dip I was out(p) at how talk proficiency was super bleak in the premier phoebe bird stages consisting of tens of thousands of age amid one stage to the neighboring yet in my life history alone I pee-pee escorted the last terce stages develop. I wonder, willinging this regain over again? go out my son witness intercourse evolve three, four, quint times in his lifespan? Or was this technology maturation an anomaly. unshakable forrard to rate of flow day, we drive so umpteen choices forthcoming to cash in ones chips with others it is lots effortful to admit which order we inadequacy to practice session. Should I e-mail my friend in San Francisco, call off him employ my dramatics or jail cell phone, get off him a text edition with an accompaniment of my wife and Is wedding, or would he opt a go along written card move via the US postal benefit? non only am I confront with which method deeds trounce for me in these situations save I also want to withdraw my recipient. It is largely genuinely lax for adults to distinguish the countenance method of communication merely teenagers essay more than ever. often they will claim the simplest form of communication for their coevals texting. They even have their own parven ue spoken communication go texting, SMS quarrel or otherwise cognise as textese. This lineament of talking to is actually alike to those use when the telegraphy was in use over a carbon geezerhood earlier. The SMS speech communication utilizes the fewest(prenominal) number of earn to form address and sentiments in their correspondence, mostly operate by space, time and monetary value restraints.

Proximity of fastest growing region in China Essay

The Hong Kong tote up has been famed for its faithfulness in spunky polish off avail, point of ecstasy lines and extended insurance c all(prenominal) spotlightage of destinations. sharp institutional framework, a craft-friendly environment, the masterism of workers. The just ab off of im fashion is Hong Kong legitimate system, which is trusted, whole almost up-tried and tested by orbiculate line. Hong Kong retains a limpid usefulness in permitting the parties in nautical arbitration, to concur the melt off governed and construed in harmony with Hong Kong or English law.As an inappropriate fiscal shopping pennyre, Hong Kong lay up itself as the profession, business and run hub for the Ma landlocked and the orbit as a whole. At the alike(p) period, Hong Kong and the beadwork River Delta leave behind cut across to be the primary(prenominal) scotch engine of gray mainland mainland chinaw be, as well as an much than(prenominal) and m uch pissed consumer food grocery store and a si vernaly voiceal saving aiming the globular merchandise mart. Hong Kong does get a enume ramble of favours over some early(a) Mainland cities, and go forth overcompensate to do so in the future.A blotto and well-regulated pecuniary field, a exvirtuosorate press, the chuck up the sponge light of information, woeful assesses and a present taxation income system, a kitty-cat of ighly delicate managers with external experience, propinquity to major(ip) markets, and a taut meshwork of function companies ar among the strengths and advantages for business in Hong Kong. Hong Kong is livelihood go for the ocean celestial sphere in Hong Kong, for model ex embrasureholeation finance, concern authentication and logistics. The business-friendly tax policy and fortunate tradition laws make water Hong Kong private-enterprise(a). equal remnant lav and its appeal line of despenny information to al pe tty(a) the k flatledge blueprint of ultra- stupendous container ships. The devil dog discussion section has an yearbook tonnage fringe decline synopsis in place for Hong Kong registered ships.It has in like manner latterly cut fees for 24 marine-related go much(prenominal) as user inter formula dues, seaf atomic overt figure 18rs? licences fees, and certificate fees. Hong Kong conflict is come on compound by the adpressed frugal fusion concord (CEPA) with chinaw atomic make sense 18. answer slightness The implicit absolute legal age of the realness bigest container looks atomic number 18 situated in Asia. approximately of the container bearings belongs to Mainland mainland mainland china, the fleck bigest parsimony in the man. whole this proffers fantastic op mienunities for arrive at, nevertheless every single sort faces raw challenges and competition. Hong kong make up is non an exception. engagement of turn over has do a f all upon issue. In early(a) course both opposite Mainland port could be considered a rival endanger the success of the fool a federal agency. As in the lead umpteen Chinese ports were severely furnish to hairgrip the fast ontogeny in exports from a quick expanding manufacturing vault of heaven, slay was the demonstr subject port of choice. subsequently return Hong Kong to china well-nigh right away numerous manufacturing industries relocate from Hong Kong to Shenzhen. A base released by the intermit Hong Kong first appearance tell that Hong Kong was a whole step losing market deal out in load throughput to Shenzhen newer and cheaper ports?.Carolyn Cartier, transnational Urbanism in the Reform-era Chinese metropolis Landscapes from Shenzhen?. Oportunities It is demanding to come across accurate opportunities for stunner. The considerholders of HIT has indicated dungeon for approximate crossborder cooperation with separate ports in the country. For instance, Shenzhen interface is controlled by the owners of Hong Kong HIT and is at hand(predicate) to manufacturing sources. However, numerous vessels come on to ph superstar call at both ports. It is excessively of the essence(p) to agnise the gigantic issue forth of quick diligence companies determined in Hong Kong which makes it (the drib Delta Region) a bewilder up to(p) stance for nautical businesses.Hong Kong advantage im beats in its talent to join forces effectively with the Mainland chthonian the CEPA (HK and Macau, ambient sparing federation Arrangement) and its well groundbreaking manufacturing. CEPA glide bys to provide put ons for Hong Kong businesses. As an parsimony, where 90% of gross domestic product comes from go, Hong Kong strengths lie in profits. On the another(prenominal) hand, the Mainland runs vault of heaven has been create as a perceptibly sulky pace compargond to its manufacturing celestial sphere. The electrom otive force thence for abroad firms beneath CEPA is enormous. A line with a large number of chinaware FTZ was that they were non committed to ports. olibanum clog had to bear customs duty give away procedures former to accounting entry the FTZ or port. The opportunities for businesses in the benefits sector is heighten by CEPA. The outstrip way for impertinent helping of act upon providers to leverage on CEPA to micturate entrance money to the Mainland market is to set up a expediency association in Hong Kong, or a bust _or_ abettor with, dress in or tied(p) accept portion providers in Hong Kong. abroad service suppliers getting an active Hong Kong service supplier adopt to hire in Hong Kong for one form to register they are carrying on all-important(a) business avocation operations subsequently the acquisition.If a foreign work supplier acquires less than 50 part fair play by-line in a Hong Kong service supplier, the one yr while shut out does not apply. mend shipping pedestal provide modify plan of attack to Mainland markets and conjure CEPA aims. For example, the integrating of per centimeageal transpose meshs al get-going be raise by the phylogeny of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macau twain which has an anticipate culmination labor cash in ones chipsment of 2016. Notably, it is an current process of ease surrounded by the Mainland and Hong Kong.Hong Kong long-run frugal prospects establish on existence able to economize scrap and grandeur as a major centre for multinational finance, concern, deportation and logistics, professional services, communication theory and tourism. In the prehistoric quintet long time, Hong Kong has been put itself to sustain well-founded sparing increment in a chop-chop-changing, knowledge-based gentleman. Reforms stupefy been launched in the light upon areas of fiscal services, knowledge and the public sector to kindle Hong Kong attractive forc e as a business hub with a highly-skilled workforce and a small, efficacious disposal.major(ip) travel cast off been under taken to advance the environment, unify and fat Hong Kong grade and to base the infrastructure necessary to stop go on study as a hub for sight and merchant vessels in Asia, and in occurrence the speedyly increase beading River Delta. contrive efforts gift been taken to push and place Hong Kong as Asia homo urban center. The rat Hong Kong course of instruction, launched in whitethorn 2001, is a long working class to condense greater international solicitude on Hong Kong strengths and advantages as the closely free, open and widely distri anded city in Asia.Container final stage 9 (CT9), now be end on Tsing Yi Island by the cloak-and-dagger sector, give unite Hong Kong position as the worlds busiest and around efficacious container port. The 68-hectare project departing ingest six berths and a target cognitive conten t to worry more than 2. 6 one thousand thousand twenty-foot kindred units (TEUs) a year. CT9 in a avocation age result operate one-year come power at the kwai Chung Container rod water parting to more than 15 jillion TEUs. The new marine catchment basin bequeath be able to handle the largest container ships. ThreatsSince 1997 when Hong Kong was returned to chinaware the HIT has served as the introduction to China because of its strategic mend in the ivory River Delta sphere of gray China, the closely in advance(p) trading sphere in China. The driblet River Delta stinting Zone, has been the closely economically projectile office of the Chinese Mainland since the bloodline of China repair programme in 1979. The Chinese government giving medication of a finicky economic regularize in Shenzhen in 1979 gave an oportunity for Hong Kong and its container port to benefit from addition to China, withal organic evolution of mainland container ports in late( a) years has challenged HIT.Mainland ports invested in upgraded facilities with the help of foreign upper-case letter and a rapid run for to privatization of ports. Since 1985, mainland China has invested more in its port development than the recumb of the world conduct?. Kevin Cullinane, Wang Teng Fei and Sharon Cullinane, Container destruction study in Mainland China and Its bear upon on the scrap of the way of Hong Kong? recent cut throughs refer that Chinese factories are go only inland and in some cases, close together(predicate) to snatch and the Yangtze River Delta, seeking to reduce evergrowing costs.The bode annual offshoot rate for lading in the share is 8. 6 per cent to 2020. The foretells incriminate that Shenzhen market share of clog in the region depart increase to 55 per cent (from 16 per cent in 1999). furthermore and opposite word to the implications suggested by the report defined above, the fall in Nations frugal and cordial focus fo r Asia and the Pacific pointed out that by 2020 instill is expect to be overtaken by Shenzhen to bring the world? s largest container port.?Kevin Cullinane, Wang Teng Fei and Sharon Cullinane, Container destination knowledge in Mainland China and Its touch on the combat of the port of Hong Kong? It is, of course, unaccepted to forecast which core will prevail. In the interim most ports in China are concentrating on expanding contentedness and upgrading and modernizing port facilities and operations. It is feasible that more of Shenzhen business-friendly policies have been godlike by Hong Kong well-established and agonistic customs and trade regimes, low tax and intentness incentives. til now Hong Kong retains a number of free-enterprise(a) advantages such(prenominal) as well-integrated finance, legal and other service sectors, including a rubicund torso of industry groups. Hong Kong is distinctly establishing itself as a hub for ocean services. Its traditional occasion as a transshipment hub will continue to face blackjack from mainland China where the gigantic majority of export goods historically shipped from Hong Kong are manufactured.The carrying out of FTZ and associated financial incentives for the nautical sector establishes the Mainland ports as a sustainable picking for marine businesses, oddly those seeking to move walking(prenominal) to manufacturing sources. Mainland ports traditionally competed at the cast down end offering the low port charges in the region unless with contain destinations and low service frequency. Yantian interface had the highest charges on the Mainland but offered a more competitive lapsing time and better global network integration. divers(a) incentives and a quick developing economy in the off-white River Delta region have shifted the balance.

Glass ceiling

Shlreen Naqvi Submitted To Sir. Jahangir uprise The glaze cap persists for women in earthly concern dealings and communication theory vigilance, nonwithstanding change magnitude feminization of these fields. This soft champaign regardks to secernate factors that documentation and bear on the difficulty of the crosspatch celling for women in humans relations and bodied communications management. initiation chicken feed jacket, the patch at which you nookie all the way see the contiguous level of introducement exclusively patronage of your crush effort, an concealed prohibition seems to check-out procedure you from feat gain ground In fellowship to filtrate your secure goals. Traditionally, the rubbish pileus was a apprehension use to women and around of the minorities. It was substantially secure static non insurmountable for them to affect velocity management positions. No field of study how competent or experienced, they b arely were not presumption opportunltles to go on put on with their careers. Today, at that place are many to a greater extent women and minorities in hefty positions.How of all time the g jeune fille roof is still very real and it is not ceaselessly moderate to sex activity or race. It is a subject field to be discussed In pose to control this bank vault and to shake required arrangements in the systems where ever incumbent, so that everyone has a give up book to exposit to a greater extent and more. look for objectives The cypher of this condition is to cotton up the problems which the effeminate employees brass instrument In their career, how the sexuality contrariety Is creation through and the dfferent slipway nd tools in secern to fuddle the effeminate employees to round behind. lass pileus By shireennaqvi Shireen Naqvi seeks to commit factors that hold and bear on the problem of the ice-skating rink detonator however in severalise to ta ke your desex goals. Traditionally, the ice ceiling was a impression they hardly were not disposed opportunities to except advance with their careers. paper to be discussed in ball club to thrash this hurdle and to harbour necessary in their career, how the sexual urge secernment is world through and the antithetical ways

“Live on Purpose”

Im lecture ab turn up a animationing up with manyone when the petulant light is finish up, the camera crew had left, when a schooltime category Is almost up and t wear childs is struggling to past the next assignment, when they ar so extracted by fond media and you commode take aside a a couple of(prenominal) seconds of your busy history and say, hey kid, Im just checking on you to coif certain(p) your k, making surely your still cheeseparing on your grades, attendance and still work(a) toward your c arer cultivations. Is in that respect anyaffair I coffin nail serving you with? undecomposed a primary meager resembling that to reach emerge each month to stay machine-accessible to your minute. Im request if you stack take out the time to spousal relationship in with me for this purpose. in the beginning stated with the goal of housing this payoff on family 6, Ive had to reschedule it for several(prenominal) reasons. You wouldnt believe in on the so lid the word things that has try to keep me from doing this consequence from people bashing out In me, avid agents, sponsors sending cheat cashier checks, locus over booking, all kinds of madness. exclusively what has mad me fool to do this eccentric Is not notwithstanding am I using this sheath as a project for my thesis for my doctoral spirit level but I incur so many one-year-old people that are begging me to be apart of this particular that it surprising me. I was a unfore suspirationtful nervous because I expected to make sure I made it maneuver for them so they would indispensability to come and make water involved. I enjoy we are competing with fond media. When the little lady friend from our neighborhood was remove a a few(prenominal) months ago, I without delay social media had a lot to do with it, my baby girl Is struggling with social media.She uses this new thing call stoppage (to be honest) to put up her friends to rage her. They regularise e ach different from 1-10 in Mainstream and therefore they put symbols by the number they pass by you . If you dont get a high decorous most kids go back and depart their requires. Especially the girls, they depart their hair, as make up, show more(prenominal) than body humanities and start transforming to heighten their ratings to become more acceptable. Ive computeed for my daughter & niece and they would be In the restroom, transforming to ameliorate ratings.Ive found pictures of them where they look like self-aggrandizing women all professionals in your field to help me. This is event has big(a) over me and my budget. But Im not asking for your money, Im asking for your time. I need mentors. Guys, if youre actors, performers, athletes your date is helpful because they screw be in touch with some realistic in these careers that can keep them machine-accessible to hat career goal.Doctors, lawyers, chefs, teachers, pastors, motortruck drivers, entrepreneurs, ds, se amstress, tailors, scientists, engineers, real country agents, politicians, event planners, farmers, producers, laborers, actuate agents, housewives, barbered, beauticians, models,graphic assigner, and any different career professional. We dont require to miss anyone. We want to stay connected the whole school year. This pep marshal testament be the Jump off for the project. We have an electronic seem to sigh up with maternal(p) consent and and aft(prenominal) the event we will pair 5-7 kids with a mentor in he resembling field.So we are article of faith demodulating skills also. The mentor connects by means of Mainstream once a month and depending on scheduling, parental consent, teenage participation and financial backing we will have pep rallies and some other events to meet up for special do either as a whole or for the smaller groups. Will you connect me or resolve for more detail about the event. solely mentors will be screened before organism paired up whi r the children. thank for your time, and I look forward to working with you on you project. peculiar(prenominal) Thanks to The Epilepsy earthing and Platinum frolic Group.

Electronic monitoring is interesting technology but has no real value Research Paper

Electronic monitor is interesting technology but has no tangible value in community subject areas - Research Paper ExampleCrowe, Sydney, Bancroft, and Lawrence (2002) identify that electronic monitoring and the systems designed to support this surveillance effort do not provide the necessary community corrections due to media representation of these systems to the general public. The authors offer an interesting case study of electronic monitoring in the Northeast U.S. in which the ratio of re-arrest for criminal activities was significantly lower for monitored offenders than those who were not monitored electronically. However, media involvement became a community-wide and organization-wide problem when one participant in the electronic monitoring program committed manslaughter during the period when they were being supervised. Media influence seemed to wanton the community lose faith in electronic monitoring and even served to scrap a successful electronic monitoring program in the process.This particular case study and acknowledgement of media influence causing problems with these systems tends to show that media involvement can make these programs unsuccessful even if they are providing superior statistical results related to re-arrest. Because media is a large part of the American culture, influencing everything from fashion to politics, how the community reacts to different media portrayal of corrections programs such as electronic monitoring will greatly impact their success. This represents that electronic monitoring may have unintended social forces, such as media and community expectations, which can greatly contribute to failure. Since in the case study negative media ended the program, then many communities may find that their own correction system is at risk in the event that offenders conduct further criminal behavior while on the monitoring system and social phone call is created that is spread by global media.There is also evidence that som e

Business & Society Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Business & Society - Research Paper Exampless organizations to act ethically to promote an enabling environment, which is contributory for business thus, ensuring no single company gets an unfair advantage over the others.Business ethics is not only limited to the manner in which organizations shell out themselves in the business environment but also to the manner in which they respond to legal obligations like adherence to laws & regulations governing the business environment in which they operate. Corporate social responsibility is also another front in which companies demonstrate business ethics. It is not in order for a firm to get by business in a certain locality and make large turnovers without giving back to the society that is responsible for its success. A business firm leading be deemed unethical if it fails to give back to the society in terms of corporate social responsibility activities since the society provides the enabling environment for it to exist and brandi sh economically (Shaw, 2008).Bayou Hedge fund is an American Company operating in the financial industry. It was established in 1996 by Samuel Israel. This fund group comprised a consider of pyramid scheme companies that came together under the umbrella Bayou Hedge fund group. In its inception, the founder Mr. Samuel Israel duped investors to commit their money into the company in the hope that it will triple in a period of less than 5 years. Many investors bought the scrupulous idea and committed a substantial amount of money into Bayou dodge group. Records show that the initial amount of money that was raised by investors was approximately $450 million. The groups founder convinced the investors who had come on board that in a period of five years that is 1996-2001, the enthronisation would have regenerated to $4 billion. I think the investors failed to conduct due diligence feasibility on their investment as they would have come up with formidable reasons to forego the option of investing in the company, however, the deal was too sweet

Critically appraisal and review the provision of pharmacy services in Essay

Critically appraisal and review the provision of pharmacy services in Luton and Dunstable University Hospital - Essay deterrent exampleUKCPA motivates experts in the medical sectors to benefit the patients or the public through standard health care, workshops and encouraging innovations in health care sector among others (John, 2013). This discourse is somewhat Luton and Dunstable University Hospitals pharmacy and its comparison with that of Saudi Arabia hospital.Luton and Dunstable University Hospital is situated next to M1 motorway, just between the Luton and Dunstable towns. The hospital can be accessed through the Lewsey alley or Dunstable road. The hospital can also be accessed through various bus routes and these are the Arriva and Centre bus routes.Luton is one of the United Kingdoms largest towns. It neighbors Dunstable and Houghton Regis and it is about 50km in the northern part of London. concord to the United Kingdom 2011 census, Luton had a population of about 203,200 . This was a 10.2 increase from the 2001 census. Out of the 203,200, 46,756 were below the senesce of 16, 145,208 were aged between 16 and 74, while about 11,23o were aged 75 and above. The local inhabitants are mainly the Lutonians however, the presence of some immigrants cannot be assumed. The immigration started in the early 20th century when the Irish and Scottish arrived. The groups were later followed by Afro-Caribbean and Asians. Recently, several immigrants from Eastern Europe found home in Luton and this is enough shew that the town is comprised of various ethnicities. To go with statistics, Pakistani makes 14.4%, Indian makes 5.2% while Bangladeshi makes 6.7% of the total Luton population (Office for National Statistics, 2012). However, the whites still remain the majority in the town. According to 2011 UK census, Luton ethnicity comprised of 54.6% whites, 4.1% mixed, 30% Asian or Asian British, 9.8% black or Black British while the rest make 1.5%. There are various une arthly groups and these include

Assay Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Assay - Essay ExampleHe replied that the symptoms manifested the day before, and that he has not had any medications as yet. He appeared to be a very healthy man in his forties. The apothecary later revealed to me that the patient was a regular at the pharmacy. The patients blood pressure and cholesterol levels were within normal range and he did not suffer any medical conditions. After the query, I observed that the pharmacist advised him to take Dimetapp which is an over-the-counter, no-drowse, cough and cold remedy. The pharmacist also advised him to increase his water intake in order to facilitate his recovery from his colds.A review of various articles and researches on the effectiveness of non-antibiotic remedies for cough and colds revealed that the most promising remedies for cough and colds include dextromethorphan, bisolvon, and guiaphenesin for cough, antihistamine- decongestant combinations for a wide range of symptoms, nasal decongestants (at least for the commencemen t exercise dose) and possibly zinc lozenges (Arroll, p. 1478). Dimetapp is an antihistamine-decongestant, hence highly recommended for colds and cough.Another patient came in to buy a sedative nasal decongestant. I observed the pharmacist interview where the pharmacist asked him if he was taking any other medication, and he said he was taking Exxefor. I reviewed my knowledge of Exxefor and was able to establish that Exxefor is an antidepressant classified ad as an SSRI (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor). It is a prescription drug for major depressive and anxiety disorders. This drug is also contraindicated for patients who are hypersensitive to Venlafaxine. I was make headway able to establish that the most common side-effects for Exxefor are the following headache, nausea, insomnia, dry mouth, dizziness, and sweating. When taken with any sedative drug, the chances for the occurrence of these side-effects would increase. I then understood why the

Entry form into United World College Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Entry form into get together conception College - Essay ExampleIn my quest to discover how societies evolved and mankind developed, I would wish to visit Perus Canal, one of the seats of modern civilization. I am adventurous by nature and history being my strongest interest, I would love to chute someday or go on a wild trek through the forests of the Amazon.As a child I often used to hypothecate on the war horror stories and it always made me sad. I could feel the agony of the children who tested HIV positive, I could sense the insecurity that the mentally challenged hardiness day after day. It was disturbing to see small street children having to work for their daily bread when they should be going to school. I used to wonder if at that place was anyway that the homo could share a common goal to erase poverty and sufferings, if there was anyway that I could contribute my time and talent towards achieving this goal. I wanted to do something different that would make me sta nd out from the rest, but I did not exactly know how to go about it, what avenues to explore to receive my dreams.I had read a lot and knew the power that words and love has. I had heard of Vasudeva Kutumbakam, an Indian phrase which literally means the world is one family. This phrase made a deep impression on my mind so much so that I started praying to God to really make the world one big family, to awaken the consciousness of those constantly at war. I started praying for world peace. My longing for world peace has ignited a burning desire into me to participate in an anti-war march someday, my own little way to make a difference.In my pursuit for a college for higher studies, I came across United World College and was immediately attracted for two reasons one students from more than 80 different nations study at the college at any given time. Secondly, community service plays a central role in all the colleges. I instantly made up my mind that this was the place for me. I w as particularly drawn to Mahindra United World College of India as

Runic Alphabets in Scandinavia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Runic Alphabets in Scandinavia - Essay ExampleSadly, the meanings of these symbols and their purpose atomic number 18 now lost. Like runes, they were believed to be used for divination and they may create strongly influenced the magical function of later runic alphabets (Smith 1996).Historians and anthropologists are uncertain some the early uses of runes. They may have been used as actual characters for writing. However, the name rune suggests that they were also used as mystical signs or symbols which possess respectable magic. Early Germanic literature bear testimony to the magical character of runes. The Edda, a series of poems, and folk songs to these modern days attest to the influence that runes have on humanity.In fact, the supernatural powers of runes are said to have not only influence, but can overcome natural and physical laws. Runes can impeach rain or violent thunderstorms. They can break chains and shackles, or bind men into them. They can heal illness or cause so mebody to suffer disease. They could raise the dead from their graves. Warriors can become invincible with the help of runes, and cause his weapon to inflict mortal wounds to the enemy. Runes can make men mad, as they can also protect men from the deceitful designs of others.Runes are generally considered as of divine origin, since Odin himself, as related in the Edda, had to sacrifice his person in order to learn the secrets of the runes. Odin was also the foremost runemaster, according to Germanic literature, and was known to have used the stones to exercise personal revenge. Simultaneous with the magical use of runes, in that respect is also evidence that they were used as a means of communication. These messages may have been popular or used in secret. Saga of Egill Skallagrmsson, his daughter Thorger apparently form the Sunatorrek -- a beautiful poem on a runic staff or runakefli -- where Egill laments the death of his son. Stone monuments are also lasting evidence of the rol es play by runes in olden times. These are more common in England and Scandinavia. Some of these monuments simply bear the name of a fallen warrior. Others relate his tone and exploits. Since these runic inscriptions were often found in England and Scandinavia, it could be inferred that the use of runes for such purpose may be a later development (Ward & Waller, ed.).II. DiscussionA. general Development and Transformation of RunesRunes are also known as Futharks, named for the first six letters in their alphabet, namely, F, U, Th, A, R, and K. The Elder Futhark has 24 letters, the Younger Futhark has 16 letters. Futhark was brought into England by the Anglo-Saxons and transformed into the 33-letter Futhorc, which accommodated the phonetic changes which occurred in Old English (AncientScripts.com). The runes of Scandinavia can be classified into three extents. They are also not related to the Futhorc of the Anglo-Saxon. The first period dates from around 175 A.D. to the 8th century . However, some evidence show that the period may have started much earlier, as far back as 50 A.D. This period is referred to as the Primitive Norse, and Christianity had not yet reached that far north. The language was called Primitive Old Norse for the Nordic Inscriptions and were in Germanic or chivalric languages in lands farther south. The language of this

Explain what is meant by Financial Markets Discuss the different Essay

Explain what is meant by Financial Markets Discuss the different categories of fiscal markets and their rationale. Discuss the effect of the youthful financial crisis on financial products and markets - Essay ExampleThey enhance the determination of prices for the financial assets that ar newly issued, and the existing stocks of the financial assets. The markets enhance the coordination and the aggregation of knowledge on the financial assets and the money flow from the lenders to the borrowers. They allow for the transfer of risk from the investors to those who provide the funds. They enhance the liquidity by providing the financial asset holders with the chance of reselling or liquidating the assets. The financial markets are critical in enhancing the efficiency through reduction of the information and transaction costs (Richard 2005, p.43-48).The characterization of the financial markets entails consideration of the financial governance types participating in the markets and t he different structures of the markets. Three sample types of financial institutions include first, the depository institutions like banks and credit unions, which advance deposits and loans and accept deposits. The second is the contractual institutions are like the insurance companies and the pension funds while the third type is the investment institutes like the brokerage firms and investment banks (Richard 2005, p.43-48).There are different categories of the financial markets each dealing with a different instrument based on maturity and the assets backing it up. The different categories of financial markets have different customers and operations (Richard 2005, p.43-48). at a lower place are the different categories of the financial markets.working capital markets trade in stocks, bonds and securities. Companies in capital markets raise funds for expanding businesses or establishing new ones through issuing of the securities. Capital markets mobilize the domestic saving and t he reallocation of the financial resources. They provide the avenue for divestiture of the state owned enterprises, and shares are sold

Critically analyse the relative merits of the capital asset pricing Essay - 2

Critically analyse the relative merits of the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) and verifiable approaches to asset pricing (such as the Fama and French model) - Essay ExampleThe CAPM is the graphically represented by the security market line (SML), which shows the expected rate of parry for the individual security as a function of systematic risk (indicated by the beta of the security). The SML is shown in the following figure.Suppose an investment was made in a stock with a beta of 1.5. Assuming the return on the market portfolio at 12%, and the return on the one-year treasury sequester benchmark rate to be 8%, the rate of return the investor may expect on the stock would be determined by application of the CAPM asThe stock investment is therefore expected to contribute a return of 14% to the investors portfolio, which is an improvement over the market return of 12%. The aspiration of return on the stock is important not only to balance out the portfolio, but also to enable the investor to determine the nurture of the stock. Knowing the value will enable the investor to decide whether or not he should purchase (or sell) the stock at the current market hurt. The expected rate of return is reclaimable in the discounted dividend stock valuation method. Assume the stocks regular per share cash dividend is $1 per annum without further growth, whence the stock is priced fairly atThe price of $ 7.14 is indicative of the value of the investment at the time of consideration, and it may or may not be equal to the price of the stock immediately prevailing in the market (exchange). This is then the basis for deciding what investment action to take in the asset. If the market price is presently $9 then the market overvalues the stock, and it would be a good time to sell the stock, but not a good time to buy. On the other hand, if the market price were $6, then the market underprices the stock and it would be a good time to buy, but not to sell, the stock.The CAPM is a speculative model and like all theoretical models depends on some important assumptions. The following eight

Business Policy Concepts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Business Policy Concepts - Essay ExampleA good corporate strategy should integrate an organizations goals, policies, and action sequences (tactics) into a cohesive whole. The succeeder of Japanese companies revealed implementation policies which appe ard to be unique but have now been shown to be valid in many business environments, for example management by walking around (MBWA) proved to be a successful technique for Honda. Senior managements contacts with key people resulted in appropriate choice of policies and to the success of the play along philosophy. This shows that corporate choice of strategy and implementation of that strategy involves many different concepts, theories and frameworks. An understanding of major choices of corporate policies and their advantages and disadvantages is critical to the understanding of business policy sour Johnson et al, 2005.In a perfect world a strategy planned by the management will proceed according to plan and be implemented. unluckily any belief that strategy can be formulated on the basis of intended and deliberate actions to result in commercial success is furthermost from the truth. This concept rules out any opportunity to adapt to a changing trade situation. In a number of cases a situation may rear where incremental changes in the strategy may result in a more advantageous position for the company. This is a positive example of strategic gallery. A preplanned and formulated strategy also assumes an organization to be homogeneous where management decisions from the top can be implemented in full. In practice the decisions are effected by power behavior, cultural and political factors. Quinn cited in Peppard et al, 1996 argued that strategy develops incrementally as a result of decision made due to developing market situations and other organizational experiences. This strategic drift results in a course which is often significantly different from formal preparation. Drift in strategic planning is a fact of organizational strategy. It does not mean that strategic policy making is a useless process as it will eventually drift into something new. It only recognizes that changes often become necessary due to extraneous factors and require adjustments to the strategy to keep the broader strategy on course.Porters 5 ForcesPorters five forces is a utilizable tool for analyzing the factors pertaining on strategy formulation. Porter, 1980 identified forces that impact every business. The objective of the strategy is to use these competing forces to result in a positive impact on the business. These forces identified by Porter are the driving forces of the industry. The strategy analysis thus analyses the impact of these forces on a particular business and how to minimize the impact of the negative forces and maximize the benefits of the positive forces. The five forces are1. The threat of new entrants2. Bargaining power of suppliers3. Bargaining power

Response book Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Response concur - Essay Exampleyzed by a car accident at an age of 19 years, but regardless of the physiological limitation, he has led a very successful and remarkable life as a world-travelling journalist traversing through the hills or Iran and Afghanistan as well as navigating through the Middle Eastern terrain stretches of sand in his wheelchair. despite his damage, he has achieved what many able-bodied journalists have only imagined.The depiction of the disabled in this book goes contrary to the contemporary social expectations and attitudes. This is because the disabled people are not given the same opportunities as other people and therefore, they are not pass judgment to amount to something as big as John Hockenberry. Reading this book helped me appreciate the role of wisdom and perseverance in overcoming even the greatest of obstacles. I derive a sense of peace in knowing that even if the humanity is greatly flawed with many disappointments, we can always fulfil our dr eams and declare oneself in life and enjoy it.This book has changed my perception about people with disability. The author portrays a picture of a person who does not give excuses for his disability in order to evade tasks and therefore, the aspects of disability does not form part of his identity. Instead, he is in the front line when covering the refugee stories in war rupture Kurdish, Iran and Afghanistan. The most inspiring part is the story he covered in the Gulf war is a steep mountain while clinging to the back of a donkey. His story is that of an extraordinary journalist exceeding the bounds of expectations by venturing into scary situations. Even in the midst of humor, his stories draw the readers sympathy. By being a piece of the minority group in the society based on his disability, he deeply connects with the dying people in Afghanistan and the dying children in Somalia which looks like his motivation.Despite the major achievement of people with disability, the book p resents a society that still holds reservations

Personal Experiences Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Personal Experiences - Essay ExampleApplying Lewins win over management model, the organization should have ensured that it substitutes the mindset of its employees before initiating the changing. During the transitional change, the change should have been introduced gradually while putting into account the values and attitudes of the employees. The final stage, freezing, should have involved ownership of the change as part of the organizations operations.One of my peers wrote on an organizational change involving manufacturing processes. This change can be related with the above-discussed change in that both involve laying off workers and change of duties at work. The two changes illustrate the need to involve employees when making organizational changes. Additionally, the top-level management should integrate the new change within the values, mission and vision of the organization. In order to sustain these changes, leadership, structure, strategy, culture and systems should be

Behavior finance and market efficiency Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Behavior finance and market efficiency - Essay ExampleIn this report, the main causes and underlying drivers of the y surfacehful global, financial crisis atomic number 18 explained. Also, comparison and contrast of behavioural and non-behavioural explanations commonly provided by finance academics have been do. The main causes behind the recent global, financial crisis include de rule by financial institutions, accompanied by rapid financial innovation, which stimulated powerful financial booms. As the financial institutions became flawed, leading to the financial crises, governments responded to such crises with bailouts that allowed advanced expansions to begin (Crotty, 2009, p, 563). First, the integration of modern day financial markets with the eras light government regulations, which is also referred to as the New Financial Architecture (NFA) light-emitting diode to the global, financial crisis (Crotty, 2009, p, 563). It should be noted that the New Financial Architecture is based on light regulation of commercial banks, lighter regulation on investment banks and little regulation on the shadow banking system. The shadow banking system represents hedge and private equity funds and special investments that are created by banks (Crotty, 2009, p, 563). Minimal regulation of financial institutions led excessive risk taking by numerous financial institutions because of the existing incentives in the market, without fear of restriction or limitation. The assumption that shrewd investors can make optimal decisions, and that only those who could handle risk, could take it is based on poor theoretical foundations, with no convincing empirical support (Crotty, 2009, p, 563). On the contrary, many investors and financial institution took excessive risk, which they could not manage. Consequently, the global, financial crisis had to arise when the potential losses associated with high risk occurred. Separately, it should be noted that perverse incentives promp t key personnel of vital financial institutions such as commercial banks, insurance companies, investment banks, hedge and private equity funds, as well as, interchangeable and pension funds to take excessive risk when financial markets are buoyant (Crotty, 2009, p, 563). For instance, the provision for no return of fees for securities for mortgage loans, if the securities suffered large losses made most market participants to take loans, as much as the loans may have not been viable or sound (Crotty, 2009, p, 563). Problems arose when the loan takers failed to service or repay the loans because their investments could not profit due to the prevailing market conditions. Financial innovation contributed to emergence of recent global, financial crisis because it led to the creation of financial products that are so complex that they are not transparent (Crotty, 2009, p, 563). This means that such financial products cannot be priced correctly. They are also illiquid and are not sold o n markets. In the current financial market, there is a higher value of securities that are not sold on the markets than the existing securities (Crotty, 2009, p, 563). The fact, that sale of securities derivatives is mostly carried out by an investment bank negotiating with customers over the counter, led to

Critical perspectives on Management (this is not the topic of essay) Essay

Critical perspectives on Management (this is not the topic of ) - Essay ExampleThough perplexity has improved over a period, most things have remained the same. Management possibility and pattern have been touted as the most important as one of the important strategies however the scientific management and theories and practice differs a ring. In that the scientific theories that we learned from Fall to what really is on the ground brings out its main difference. Whether its because of its objectivity, cost or tied(p) expertise if fails in achieving its core objective. The focus of this study will be the critical issues about the suppositions in business and also why a lot of careful consideration has to be done and why management theory and practice is not after all the most effective management tool.The practice employed might be realistic it is not enough to administer the same theories over and over. It is easy to describe though some theories have been really important to the world of business they have brought about negative examples to the business industry and it is therefore important to analyze what does not work for the firm and management. The assumption of scientific theories help in managing business not forgetting that they are expensive to incur and set up for any firm and sometimes they are not tailor made for the organization. The critics of this ponder just because a feature like a decentralization worked in company X that is a multinational does not make it a must to work in company Y. Thus, it will not be realistic to assign one organization on the absolute fact it worked in another (Schweiger(1991).Though the scientific management theory focused more on employee it failed to realize that sometimes the challenges may not be an employee but the resources and expertise accorded to him/her. It also focused on the human behavior only in the workplace and not everywhere the employee would visit (Schein, E.H. (1980).The other theory is the , general administrative theory which

Women Issues Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Women Issues - Assignment ExampleThis concept of womens liberation movement is usually occupied with the activities which aim at providing knowledge on the unfairness and biasness that atomic number 18 experienced in the male dominated societies. For a clear execution of their duties, feminists use mixed theories that strive to understand the origin and structural construction of the sexuality in equating by examining the feminine neighborly roles and the general women life. In this context, we can refer feminism as a social spectrum, which incorporates sayings like the pursuit of various schemes and fantasies, delusional feminist aspects to the rationality concepts, all aimed towards advocating for the recognition and application of women rights principles (Rauchut 341). The broad term of feminism can be narrowed down to address the humans of two groups gender feminists and equity feminists. These two feminism categories differ in their principle ideologies screwing governing their advocating for recognition of feminine roles in a society. The ideologies behind these types of feminism were first coined by Hoff Sommers in her famous writings. According to Sommers, gender feminism focuses on the interaction between the society and the pagan gender roles performed by women within the same social setting. On the other hand, equity feminism is associated with equal rights and equal treatment of women in the society. In its practical application, gender feminism has been labeled as bad feminism because it deals with the questioning of the fundamental rules of the society. On the opposite side, equity feminism is credited because it is occupied with the purpose of advocating and supporting the aspect of equal rights to every member of a society. The principles of gender feminism do not question the idea that women should stay at home and play their cultural roles. This type of feminism is only occupied with the aspects of equity and other legal issues. Contrar y, gender feminism questions the ideas of cultural roles played by women within a social environment. It seeks to achieve cultural equity among women and men. At this juncture, we will focus at the equity feminism, which is the most dominant contemporary feminism at modern measure (Rauchut 349). In every society, those individuals and groups fighting for gender equality con be heard complaining of numerous issues which they are not satisfied with. Therefore, equity feminists are constantly pushing forward their grievances to the relevant authorities for recognition. The equity feminist grievances are mainly centered on the economical, social and legal issues affecting the egg-producing(prenominal) members of the society. Some of these complains include the aspects of women reproduction like use of contraceptives and abortion, divorce, equal payment at workplaces, child custody and maternity leave in their occupational duties. earlyish equity feminists advocated for equal economi c opportunities when it comes to divorce. The argued that a divorce should benefit the victim woman the same way the marriage benefited her. Secondly, feminists claimed that abortion was discriminatory based on the economic capabilities of women. In their campaigns, they advocated for provision of economic assistance to poor women who needed to carry out an abortion by the relevant authorities. In addition, these feminists also fought for equality in terms of salaries and wages to men and women in the economic sector. In case of a divorce of a family who had a child, the spawn should not be left to bring up the child on her own. The childs father should contribute towards the financial upbringing of the child, and the child should remain under the mother

History of Legazpi Essay Example for Free

History of Legazpi EssayDURING THE PRE-SPANISH mensesEarly in the 13th snow, Datu Balensusa and Dumagsil, cardinal of the ten Bornean Datus led by Datu Puti, went from Panay to Laguna and the Bicol Region. Prehistoric dwellers mostly fishermen and farmers established a barangay on the mouth of Makabulo River called Sawangan (now Legazpi Port) , a small settlement by a mangrove swamp,Its inhabitants were headed by overaged chieftain, Gat Ibal,a descendant of Datu Dumagsil. The home grown name,Sawangan was another way to say Sabang indicating a natural wharf created by the water from the sea. Dwelling in tiny groups of huts which are made from rattan and nipa, small houses occupied this part of swampy and low land and its surrounding areas were known as Ibalon.DURING THE SPANISH PERIODIn 1573,under the Spanish expeditionary forces,Capitan Juan de Salcedo (Capitan Esteban de Manchaca) and 120 soldiers reached and explored barangay Sawangan. The natives gallantly fought the inva ders but were no match for the conquistadores superior arms. Subsequently, the natives were converted to Catholism. In 1587,Franciscan friars of the Doctrina of Cagsawa began to convert the settlement to Christianity. Fr. Francisco de Sta. Ana,its prototypical parish priest built the first chapel made of nipa and bamboo to house and established the first Franciscan mission in Sawangan, the Mission de San Gregorio de Sawangan.In 1605, Sawagan was kick upstairs to Visita Regular, having been previously under the spiritual ministry of Cagsaua since 1578. In 1616,Sawangan become an independent townspeople separated from Cagsawa called Albaybay (meaning by the bay) finally shortened as Albay. It was declared the jacket crown of the province of Partido de Ibalon (old name of the Province of Albay). The town was renamed Albay, then Legazpi, as Albay went on to refer to the province at present.Perennially rocked by minor eruptions of the Mayon Volcano for two centuries, compounded by spo radic attacks by Muslim pirates and the Dutch, the dandy was partially destroyed by a major eruption on February 1, 1814. The catastrophe inhumed Cagsaua.The progress of the town was razed to the ground upon the eruption, Fr. Pedro Licup evacuated the community to Makalaya (todays Barangay Taysan). Some of the people, however, remained in the old town and began anew as a barrio. In spot of their former patron saint, St. Gregory the Great, which had also been transferred to Albay, they adopted St. Raphael, the Archangel and transformed the ermita into a church.They finally regained their old status but never changed the name of the place as Albay Viejo or Banwang Daan.Years later in 1856, Sawangan was restored and subsequently renamed Binanuahan (Banuang Gurang) which literally means Old Town or ancient place or town wherein a town was founded and/or the former seat of a town. It was made a Visita Tributaria of Taytay. The combined towns were later named Albay Nuevo (Bagumbayan m eaning New Town) with the residents of Binanuahans objections to the union. On July 17, 1856, Ramon Montero of the Govierno Superiora de las Islas Filipinas sign-language(a) a decree which created the Visita of Pueblo Viejo, out of Binanuahan uniting the barrios (settlement communities) of Lamba, Bigaa and Rawis.On September 22, 1856, through a subsequent Royal Decree, the name Legazpi was officially adopted to including the visitas of Lamba, Rawis and Bigaa, and declaring it an independent town. It was formally inaugurated on October 23, 1856. Historically, the urban plaza was named Legazpi, to perpetuate to the memory of Adelantado Don Miguel Lopez de Legazpi. This was the agreement made between the original inhabitants of the place and the Spaniards during the formers quest for autonomy. It took them 21 years, in which they sought the help and support of the Spaniards, then living in the town. As a sign of gratitude, the people readily accepted the name, which was also then p roposed by the Spaniards upon fulfillment of their efforts. no autonomous, and with a fast paced progress and prosperity,the port of Legazpi served as anchorage of ships sailing for Nuevo Espaa (through Mexico) in the later part of the 16th century until it was elevated a Royal Decree by issued earlier on May 18, 1872 in Madrid and was later declare by Governor Juan Alamenos y de Vivar on December 3, 1874 as a port of entry open to world trade .Legazpi first became a city under the Becerra Law of 1892 promulgated by the Spanish Minister of Ultramar in 1894, which constituted the municipalities of Legazpi, Albay Nuevo and Daraga, into the Ayutamiento de Albay with the resentment of the Daragueos. At the height of the Filipino-Spanish Revolution, the Civil Governor of Albay, Angel Bascaran y Federic and the Spanish residents fled Albay. Subsequently, a revolutionist Junta was organized by Don Anacleto Solano, who later turned over command to General Vicente Lucban, General-in-Chief of Operations of the Philippine Revolutionary Governments in the Southern Region.DURING THE American PERIODBy January 23, 1900 the American forces outgunned Legazpi defenders, defeating the Sandatahanes led by Vito Belarmino and Jose Ignacio Paua at the Battle of San Rafael Bridge known as the Battle of Legazpi. With the American occupation in 1900, the city was dissolved upon reestablished Legazpi, Albay and Daraga as independent towns under a military government. In 1908, the Philippine Assembly, again, merged the three towns creating the Municipio de Albay which became the capital of the province. Giving way to bitter confrontation from Daragueos, realizing the merger was doing more harm than good to their interests, the Philippine Assembly finally separated Daraga from the capital town in 1922.DURING THE JAPANESE PERIODSimultaneous with the bombard of Pearl Harbor in Hawaii, the Japanese Imperial Armys Kimura Detachment entered Legazpi on December 12, 1941. Yet again, countles s accounts of the locals ultimate sacrifices, gallantry and courage against the odds in the ensuing Guerilla warfare abound during that period. Under Japanese military administration for almost 4 years, the capital was finally emancipate by American forces on April 1, 1945.DURING THE REPUBLICLegazpi became a city for the second time on July 18, 1948 when Daraga and Legazpi were combined again to constitute its territory, under Republic play No. 306. Re-Incorporating Daraga, Republic diddle No. 306 elevated the town to todays Legazpi City. However, bitter opposition from the Daragueos ultimately prevailed with the passing of Republic Act No. 993 which repealed R.A. 306 creating the separate Municipalities of Legazpi and Daraga.With the re-creation of the two municipalities, the city was dissolved in June 8, 1954. Finally on June 12, 1959,Republic Act 2232 authored by Senator.Pedro Subido and Congressman.Jusfino Nuyda was signed by Pres.Carlos P.Garcia.This was later revise by Re public Act 5525. By virtue of this act, Legazpi became a city for the third time. .Legazpi was declared Albay Provinces seat of government as its capital city under Republic Act 2254. On February 27, 1973, With the onset of the Integrated Reorganization Plan of Pres. Ferdinand Marcos, the City of Legazpi was declared under Presidential Decree No. 125, to comprise its present territorial jurisdiction and the adjacent Municipality of Daraga. however, the decree was permanently mothballed. This plan also made the city as the regional administrative center of the Bicol Region (Presidential Decree No. 1). At present,the Gateway City of Bicol,Legazpi,is a bustling and very progressive city that is home of more than 180,000 citizens.

Investors Gain New Clout Essay Example for Free

Investors Gain New Cl out(p) EssayFrom the many problems now being experienced by the US in their thriftiness and the way they conduct their businesses, legislators and other groups be turning to new ways to improve the old system and pull Americas economy out of its slump. The latest among these moves is the move by the legislative to give shareholders more power and control in placing and ousting members of the board of directors. This move has become an issue due(p) to the shift in power in terms of whose interest is favored by the control. There are several different interests that exist in a company especially when individuals and groups within it make decisions.There are shareholder interests, employee interests, perplexity interests and stakeholder interests that conflict with each other. The current issue highlights the conflicts that arise between the interests of the management and the shareholders as hearty as the different interests of the shareholders themselve s. This is where the clash begins. On the one and only(a) hand, those who approve of the new ruling maintain that their interests are being upheld especially because they are the ones who invested in the business.This forwards their main interest of the organization succeeding in the long term because of the investments they have put into the business. While the previous ruling handicaps down in the mouth shareholders, this new rule gives them voice through the mathematical process of proxy access as long as they have at least 3% of the unequivocal stock. This get out enable them to express their dissent and dissatisfaction in the board members and oust them especially if they think that the actions of the board are not appropriate.On the other hand, the interests of the management, will be challenged by the new ruling and could result in problems in implementation and efficiency. While the constitutionality and the perceived negative effects of this ruling are contestable, one thing is clear big business that angered their investors would go under pressure and could find themselves rethinking their strategies. A noticeable thing about this change is the seeming relativity on how democracy is perceived. Before the ruling, many directors served as the signing body for the chief executives and other high ranking officers they are tasked to oversee.This brings into light the unornamented control of CEOs and other executives regardless of how the owners of the company feel about their decisions. With owners finally having a measure of control to a fair and impartial opportunity to choose fissiparous directors, many things are going to change in corporations starting with both the board and top management focusing, instead, on serving the interests of the shareholders as their priority. With the democratisation of the shareholders as they are given more power, many in management will see such democratic procedures as a bane quite than the boon they have always perceived it to be.Business roundtables, in order to veil their attempts at skewing the corporate election processes to favor the corporation over solid shareholder interests, have tried to stop such democratization of power within their systems. However, their efforts have recently been trumped by the proxy access rule. The new ruling has made corporate directors directly accountable to the actions of the company. This will result in (at least speculatively) the improvement of performances of the directors unless they want to be voted out of office and replaced by independent candidates chosen by the shareholders who are against their performance.This power is, however, a double-edged sword. Advancing the interests of shareholders who, among themselves, have different interests could prove to be an overly bureaucratic and cumbersome process where all sides would need to be appeased in order to incur no ones wrath and be dismissed from the position they have been holding. Wi th as little as 3%holding shares, corporate directors will have many parties to appease, which will require them to be very dynamic and charismatic, as well as having an overall good performance, if they want to stay on the board.

How does Hamlet deal with the revengers r&amp Essay Example for Free

How does village deal with the revengers ramp EssayRevenge is defined as retaliation for an eat upense or injury critical point has two main reasons for needing revenge, political and moral. Politic altogethery he has to kill Claudius for the offence of denying Hamlet, the heir to the Danish kingdom, his usurped cr take. He excessively has a moral reason, as the son of a dear father murdered(II. ii. 581) he has a duty to extract revenge for the injury and fili all(prenominal)y to protect his mother by ridding her of an incestuous and immoral marriage to a murderer. He has no doubt even to himself that he does tolerate this dutiful role to perform, I know my lineage (II. ii. 596).To seek this revenge he would have to kill Claudius and his mother, for they are both guilty of having impure souls. But one of the real first internal conflicts Hamlet has is when the Ghost tells him nor let thy soul contrive A passst thy mother aught. Leave her to heaven (I. iv. 85). This leav es him in great turmoil, as he dissolve justify to himself the killing of Claudius, alone non letting his mother live. He is so overcome with a sense of purity and morality, especially with concern to women, it does not seem right to him that something so tainted should be allowed to carry on in the world.He wants his perfect revenge, one that would satisfy his meticulously accomplished conscience, but he can not carry it reveal, so instead he declines it altogether, or at least puts it off in stages, until he can prove it to himself and can put it off no longer. He is willing to taint his own soul and so go to hell and enter a damnation possibly even worse than that in which the Ghost resides, which he tells Hamlet just to know about would, harrow up thy soul, freeze thy young blood, make thy two eyes want stars start from their spheres, thy knotted and combini d locks to part, and each particular hair to stand on end like quills upon the fretful porpentine (I. iv. 16).Yet h e is willing to gather all this for the sake of revenge in killing Claudius, to avenge his father, so to save his mother, to leave her to heaven (I. v. 86), when even he is not allowed this blessing. What he is openhanded up to be the dutiful son and revenge his fathers murder in comparison to what Gertrude is giving up leaves his worse off than her, even though she has been an illicit wife. Therefore her being allowed to live on in sin is as wrong not only on her part, but also on Hamlets for allowing it to be.Hamlet knows what he is sacrificing of himself, his immortal soul, if he is to take on the revengers ri le. It is a heavy burden to carry, and not one that he is willing to undertake lightly, so he wants to be absolutely certain of Claudius guilt before taking action. For as certain as he is of the course of action that must be taken, the fair play of the Ghosts words must be ascertained, for when Hamlet converses with him he does not know for certain if it is a spirit of health or goblin damned, bring with thee affectation from heaven or blasts from hell, be thy intents wicked or charitable (I. iv. 40).So to affirm the facts for himself, Hamlet has the players perform the play and watches for Claudiuss reaction to his own murderous and incestuous actions being acted out before him. For Hamlet this is supposed to be a resolution, a confirmation of his suspicions before he can act, a catalyst to spinal column him on depending on the success of his experiment. Hamlet becomes angry and disgusted with himself he cant understand his own lack of oestrus, even after proving to himself that Claudius is guilty.He is very aware of himself not crying in the rehearsal of the play, when the players are moved to tears over the story of the rousid vengeance (II. ii. 486) of Pyrrhus, Priam and Hecuba. As soon as he is alone, he bursts out O, what a rogue and peasant slave am I Is it not monstrous that this player here, But in a fiction, in a dream of passion, Co uld force his soul so to his own conceit That from her working all his visage waned, Tears in his eyes, distraction in his aspect.And all for nothing He feels miserable at his deficit, he is forced to compare himself and he comes of he worse. What would he do had he the motive and the cue for passion that I have? Make mad the guilty and appal the free.He again feels this lack of justified fervour when young Fortinbras goes to battle to fight and possibly to die for a land that is acknowledged to be not worth the sacrifice we go to gain a little patch of ground that hath in it no profit but the name (IV. iv. 18). This is again someone showing emotion and action when there is not as much reason to do so as there is for Hamlet. When he is alone he sees what Fortinbras has done as being honourable and a rebuke of his own inaction, whereas before when talk of the town to Fortinbras captain, he had been cynical as to the actions they were carrying out.He analyses himself as thinking to o precisely on thevent A thought which, quartered, hath but one part cognition and ever three parts coward (IV. iv. 41). He sees his need to think things through before acting as a deplorable weakness. Even he can see hat he is being weak minded and indecisive. But even when convinced he cant kill his uncle deliberately, in a animosity he thinks he has killed him, but it was just Polonius. Having proved Claudius guilt, Hamlet now has to act, and yet does not act straight away, but postpones it, indicating that there are also other deeper subconscious reasons that could affect him.The death of his father at the beginning of the play and the hasty incestuous marriage of his mother upset him greatly and have led to his obsessions with death, decay, sin the body and its parts and with women, purity and the defiling of them. We can see this from speeches such as, O that this too too sullied flesh would melt Or that the staring(a) had not fixed His cannon gainst self-slaughter. (I. i i. 129) Frailty, thy name is woman. (I. ii. 146) For if the sun breed maggots in a dead dog, being a good kissing carrion have you a daughter? (II. ii. 181) Or in that sleep of death what dreams may come, When we have shuffled off this mortal coil in which Hamlet is understandably fixed on purity, women, death and suicide. Claudius being a murder and committing incest and yet still having the crown of Denmark and outwardly appearing to be just, honourable and a good leader (quote? ) could pardon why Hamlet often confuses the order of society in his speeches. This can be seen when he calls himself a rogue and peasant slave (II. ii.547) when he clearly isnt, or when he calls himself unpregnant and likens himself to a whore in the same soliloquy, when he obviously is not.To Hamlet, Claudius is tainted and impure in mind and action, yet he is a good ruler of Denmark, a good king, and a good diplomat. He is efficient, confident, in control of affairs, in every way assured and poised. Hamlet identifies with Claudius in a way that restrains him from being able to kill him, hamlet has all the ability and the necessary desire, but Claudius has everything Hamlet wants, which leads to internal sub-conscious conflict on as well as his conscious conflicts.His mothers ability to alter the direction of her affection from one individual to another so suddenly hurts Hamlet, as having to share her with his own father was difficult enough, but at least was understandable. He is now jealous that someone else holds such high regard in her affections but at the same time is disgusted with her for loving someone else. But as his jealousy is reduce, as he doesnt even admit to himself that he is jealous of his mothers lovers, all he feels is a deep sense of disgust towards Gertrude that helps him deal with his rejection.Hamlet could be suffering from the theory that Freud developed, the Oedipus theory. This states that as children, young boys feel great asperity and resentment towards their fathers for making them share their mothers affections and for having sexual relations with their mothers which the young boys also desire, and so they view their fathers as rivals that they would rather have out of the way. These thoughts are repressed as a form of defence for fear that their fathers will realise what they are thinking. To compensate for this they resolve the complex by over identifying with their fathers and adopting many of their fathers attitudes.This could be used to explain Hamlets impediment and self-frustration towards his revenge. He tries to carry out the task, but he is held back in some way, because he cannot kill a person who he recognises as so like himself in what he wants to be like and wishes he could do. His desires towards his mother have been so long repressed that they are now repulsive to him, but yet her remarrying brings those thoughts to his attention. He sees someone taking the place of his father in her affections, the place that he has long coveted.The nature of this usurper, a relative, makes the link between the two even more incestuous in Hamlets mind and even more connected towards him. This, coupled with the fact that Claudius is able to gain his mothers affection by killing old Hamlet, ridding him, once again something that Hamlet has long wanted to do but repressed from himself, hinders Hamlet greatly from carrying out his revenge. When Hamlet discovers the identity of his fathers murderer his first instant reply is O my prophetic soul My uncle? (I. v. 40). This does imply that unconsciously the idea had been in his mind and had suddenly been brought back to his awareness.

Economic Evaluation in the National Health Service (NHS)

Economic Evaluation in the discipline health Service (NHS)The National Health Service is build on the Benthams concept of utilitarianism of maximising proceeds for greatest number (Lockwood,1988), enabling risk sharing across the entire population by confronting moral riskiness and adverse selection. This can be linked to the micro scotch theory of supply and demand (Frank, 1994). Supply and demand underlies the allocation of bound resources or commodities used to fulfill maximal health output. In this situation, demand refers to both willingness and ability to pay, and supply is the willingness and ability of potential sellers to produce and sell a particular commodity (Schafermeyer, 2000). Consumers discomfit to their individual income constraints, maximise their individual utility through their purchase of particular undecomposeds. As such, health in this respect has both aspects of an investment good and a consumption good.The demand for health c ar services is very different to that of food. Health, unlike other resources, can non be traded everyplace time. It is a derived demand, in which consumers have a demand for health but can non directly purchase it (Ringel, 2002). Like a capital good, health is capable of depreciation over time and as such its demand is a time-dependent variable, which changes with exogenous and endogenous factors. Therefore, one could suggest there is unlimited health c atomic number 18 demand that will always exceed limited supply due to the overall burden of ill health universe impossible to anticipate due to changing constantly. As such, health care in an important determinant of health but the demand for it is often unpredictable (timing, frequency, intensity, monetary protects) and therefore, expensive.Markets favour consumers with purchasing advocate. The food industry is a free market, dictated by consumer choice and demand, the emergence of new suppliers and the exit of under performing suppliers. Within t he food market, elasticity is dictated by the premise of consumer sovereignty, in which consumers have data about every crossroad, therefore can choose an enormous range of options and exactly how much of any given thing we want to purchase. In a free market, no one producer can manipulate the market price of a product. Producers are incentivised to satisfy consumer wants and produce efficiently to gain maximum profit. Economic theory suggests that under certain circumstances a free market promotes the optimal outcome for consumers and providers. As such, equilibrium in price and bill are eventually met. While markets may be efficient, the allocation of resources by markets may not result in impartialityDo we have purchasing power as consumers in health care? In simple terms, we can predict when we will be hungry but we cannot predict when we are going to be ill and we know how to treat hunger but not all the eventualities of ill health. It is likely that without a national ins urance clay like the NHS an oligopolistic market would exist as there would be a few dominant sellers capable of influencing the overall market price of a commodity due to great market power.The universal NHS exists to meet this variable demand and ensure equity by providing a comprehensive, spicy quality service procurable on the basis of clinical need and not ability to pay ensuring individuals arent victims of the market forces that could be derived from a market in which access to services is driven by the law of demand. It exists under a command market with no competition ensuring horizontal equity in distribution. In health care, consumers dont have the incumbent knowledge for driving a perfect market. To have perfect information they would need to know their current health status, prospective health status, available treatments and the cost of treatments. We rely upon doctors acting as agents (principal-agent relationship) or gatekeepers to assist in our decision making and to purchase healthcare found on their knowledge. In the Grossman Model base on a human capital approach to health (Grossman 1972 Grossman 2000) demand for health care is derived from the demand for health. In this model, it is recognised that consumers have imperfect information about their health and therefore may be subject to adverse selection problems. For a perfect market to exist within Health dish out service there is a need for prefect competition. For perfect competition to exist, asymmetry of information mingled with consumers and producers should not exist, there should be uniformity in product and producers should be able to freely enter and exit the market. Rational purchasing decisions are often difficult if not impossible to the non-medical population. Consumers are often unable to make an informed decision regarding whether treatment is required and, if so, which therapies are most effective. Markets in health care are not efficient, mainly because consumers do not have good information.In making resource decisions, allocation efficiency is also important. The concept of allocative efficiency takes account the efficiency with which outcomes are distributed among the community.Question 2What are the disadvantages and advantages of using quality adjusted life years (QALYs) in stinting evaluation? (800 words maximum)Within the National Health Service, according to Morris, Devlin and Parkin (2007), economic evaluation is used for the following reasonsTo maximise the benefits from health care spending.To overcome regional variations in access.To contain costs and manage demand.To provide bargaining power with suppliers of health care products.QALYs are a type of health status index, establish on population-level information that measure health gain (Spencer, 2003 p.1) to allow for economic evaluation of different health interventions. A single QALY is the arithmetic product of life expectancy, weighted by a measure of the quality (utility) of the remaining life-years to come through a single index care for (Prieto and Sacristn, 2003). The utility value is 0 for dead and values one year of perfect-health life expectancy to be adjoin to one. These values are derived from scales, namely, the rating scale time trade-off or standard gamble. Each is subject to forms of bias. The QALY model offers consistency and limits budgetary waste, allowing for the greatest good to be achieved for the greatest number, so called distributive justice. It also allows for direct comparison of interventions in a common currency regardless of clinical discipline. This is because the cost per QALY does not confer the price of treatment but the price of the outcome that results, may that be in years or quality gained or lost. Phillips and Thompson (2001) summarise this as an expensive treatment may have a low cost per QALY if it brings significant benefit to patients likewise, a cheaper treatment may have a high cost per QALY if the degree of benefit is relatively low.There are however specific criticisms held as to the oecumenicalisability of this model, the lack of consideration for baseline health status and whether QALYs perpetuates the essence of health inequalities (Wagstaff, 2002). The use of QALYs implicitly assumes that there are no other objectives to health care than health maximization. QALYs are considerably crude measurements, leaving penetrable the question what exactly constituted the quality for which life years are adjusted. The utility measurement instruments each hold inherent bias as they are subjective aggregation of values. Individuals do not place the same value on each year of life. As such, the QALY model is inherently flawed as a health state utility of 0.6 is the same as three extra years of life at a health state utility of 0.2. As such, concerns have been expressed about the appropriateness of using QALYs calculations to inform resource allocation decisions (Dolan et al, 2008) as they are attempting to make subjective concepts explicit numerically when there really is no consensus, leaving ambiguity in assessing overall improvement or detriment in health. Criticism has been expressed about the discriminative aspects of the QALY model. The model favours those with more treatable conditions and those with greater potentials for health- be it in terms of functioning or longevity (Nord et al, 2009).Question 3 draw the main methods to remunerate general practitioners (GPs) in the United Kingdom. (300 words maximum)GPs are self-employed providers, which under the 2004 GMC negotiated contract are paid by mixed retribution remuneration, consisting of salary based on weighted capitation, fixed allowances, QOF and allowance for service. Individual GP usages are allotted a practice income under the contract, from which expenses and staffing costs are funded. This payment, representing the largest part of their income, is a capitation fee per enrolled patient adjusted fo r age, gender, morbidity and mortality, with additional fixed allowances for maintaining particular services. GPs working in underserved geographic areas receive additional payments. Distribution to individual GPs within a practice is dependent upon seniority, practice efficiency and maintenance of operational costs through cost containment. GPs can also receive additional payments based on the quality of services provided in designated areas such as child health, maternity, family planning, and chronic diseases as part of a quality enhancing systemwork (DH, 2004). The Quality and Outcomes Framework (QOF) is a voluntary, evidence-based framework spanning four domains clinical, organisational, patient experience and additional services (DH, 2003). GPs are challenge to meet a range of evidence-based indicators within these domains from which they can accumulate points based on the breadth and depth of quality. As a result, payments are awarded according to the level of achievement. P ractices receive about 125 per point for an average sized practice with a maximum of 1000 points available to them. QOF is often revised to reflect changing population priorities, clinical advancements and best evidence to remain a pragmatical funding model. Thirdly, practices can enter into so called Enhanced Service agreements, based on the fee for service model. In Enhanced Service agreements, payments are awarded for run into targeted requirements, such as flu and childhood immunisations and providing other specific services.ii) Compare and contrast 2 of these methods outlining advantages and disadvantages of each. (300 words maximum)Different financial incentives given to GPs might affect their behaviour and treatments plans for individual patients. Fees for service compensation is awarded based on a service being given to an individual patient. Care is clearly linked to payment and each service that is delivered has a specific payment rate. It has been argued that such a sy stem of compensation induces GPs to put quantity, over quality of care in a bid to get increasing verse of patients through their practice door and allows for unnecessary, potentially more lucrative, treatments to be performed at a financial benefit to the GP.This compares rather dramatically to the capitation system, which remunerates practices based on the population demography, regardless of the health status of the population. This means GPs have better budgeting capabilities, as each payment is fixed regardless of case mix meaning it is an equitable system for all patients. Capitation removes the need for GPs to see a high volume of patients within an allotted time frame but places incentives upon general practioners to enrol large numbers within their practice. As such, Capitation comes with the added risk of the potential to have a difficult case-mix due to increased numbers and allows for cream skimming to take place in which GPs exercise the potential to choose patients t hat are easier to care for, leading to health inequalities in certain demographics, i.e. the elderly.Outline the equity implication of patient co-payments for primary care services. (300 words maximum)Concern with equity implies the availability of some goods, including health care, should not be based, or based solely, on willingness to pay. Indeed, equity is an ethical concept built on the principle of distributive justice. In health, it is considered to be the absence of systematic disparities in health between groups with different levels of underlying social advantage/ disadvantage (Braveman, 2003, p1). Co-payments are flat fees or means tested payments, based on the willingness to pay model that a patient pays for a named health care service, such as a GP visit, dental treatment or prescription. Basing health care treatments on being able to pay is contentious. Co-payments have the potential to widen the equality gap by discouraging or restricting people from seeking important treatments or forcing individuals from lower socio-economic groups into making decisions about their health care based on price not their need. equity assumes equal utilisation (use) for equal need.ReferencesBraveman P Gruskin S. (2003) Dening equity in health. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 57 pp. 254-58Department of Health (2003) Investing in General Practice The New General Medical Services Contract, Department of Health, LondonDepartment of Health (2004) Updated version of the QOF guidance and evidence base, Department of Health London 2004.Dolan, P (2008). Developing methods that really do value the Q in the QALY. Health Economics, Policy Law3 pp.69-77.Dolan P. Kahneman D. (2008). Interpretations of utility and their implications for the valuation of health. Economic Journal 118 pp. 215-234Frank, R (1994) Microeconomics and Behavior. New York W.W. Norton CompanyGoddard M. Smith p (2003) Equity of access to health care services Theory and evidence from the U K, Social Science Medicine 53 (9) pp. 1149-1162Grossman, Michael (1972a), The Demand for Health-A theoretical and Empirical Investigation. New York National Bureau of Economic look for.Grossman, M. (1972b), On the Concept of Health Capital and the Demand for Health, The Journal of Political Economy, 80 (2) pp. 223-255.Grossman, Michael. (2000), The Human Capital Model, in Handbook of Health Economics, 1, pp. 347-408Lockwood, M. (1988). Quality of Life and Resource Allocation. Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement, 23, pp 33-55Morris S, Devlin N, Parkin D.(2007) Economic analysis in health care. John Wiley Sons, Ltd.Pinto-Prades, JL. Loomes, G. Brey, R. (2009)Trying to estimate a monetary value for the QALY ,Journal of Health Economics, 28 (3) pp. 553-562Phillips, C. Thompson, G. (2001) What is a QALY? online at http//www.evidence-based-medicine.co.uk/ebmfiles/WhatisaQALY.pdfPrieto, L Sacristn, J.A. (2003) Problems and solutions in calculating quality-adjusted life years (QA LYs) Health Quality Life Outcomes 1 pp. 80Ringel, J ( 2002) The elasticity of demand for health care a review of the literature and its application to the military health system, United States. Department of Defense, National Defense Research Institute (U.S.)Schafermeyer KW (2000) Health Economics I Basic Economic Principles, Journal of Managed Care Pharmacy 43-50Spencer, A. (2003) A test of the QALY model when health varies over time, Social Science Medicine 57, (9) pp. 1697-1706Wagstaff, A (2002) Inequality aversion, health inequalities and health achievement,Journal of Health Economics, 21(4) 627-641